1066 - Andrew Bridgeford [142]
45 Loomis, 'The Holy Relics of Charlemagne', p. 443.
46 Owen, 'Epic and History'.
47 Carmen, introduction by Barlow, pp. xxiv-xl.
48 For Bishop Guy, ibid., pp. xlii-liii.
19 The Scandal of Ælfgyva
1 Hill, 'The Bayeux Tapestry and its Commentators'; William of Malmesbury, Gesta Regum Anglorum, p. 253.
2 E. A. Freeman, Norman Conquest, III, pp. 708-11, discusses several candidates; reprinted in Gameson (ed.), Study of the Bayeux Tapestry.
3 William of Poitiers, Gesta Guillelmi, p. 157. The same point is made by Eadmer, History, p. 7.
4 Hill, 'The Bayeux Tapestry and its Commentators', p. 26. Hill denies the sexual content of the scene.
5 Grape, Bayeux Tapestry, p. 40.
6 Eadmer, History, p. 7.
7 Domesday Book, p. 307, 'Ælfgyfu, sister of Earl Harold' (Buckinghamshire Waldridge).
8 McNulty, 'Ælfgyva in the Bayeux Tapestry', p. 665; Kurder, Der Teppich von Bayeux, p. 73.
9 Eric Freeman, 'The Identity of Ælfgyva in the Bayeux Tapestry'.
10 E. A. Freeman, Norman Conquest, II, pp. 568-71.
11 The account of the two lives that follows is indebted to Campbell, 'Queen Emma and, Ælfgifu of Northampton'.
12 John of Worcester, Chronicle, p. 521.
13 McNulty, 'Æflgyva in the Bayeux Tapestry'.
14 Ibid., p. 665 n. 8.
15 Encomium Emmae Reginae, introduction to 1998 reprint, p. xlv.
16 Campbell, 'Queen Emma and Ælfgifu of Northampton', p. 74.
17 Encomium Emmae Reginae, pp. 41-3.
18 Ibid., p. 43; William of Jumieges, Gesta Normannorum, p. 107.
19 John of Worcester, Chronicle, p. 523.
20 Encomium Emmae Reginae, p. 45.
21 McNulty, 'Ælfgyva in the Bayeux Tapestry', pp. 667-8.
22 Swein does not appear to have had any issue but, interestingly enough, Harefoot seems to have had a son called Ælfwine (by a wife or mistress who, confusingly, was named Ælfgifu). Æfwine is heard of only once. It is recorded in a document in the cartulary of the abbey of Conques, in central France, that not long before 1060 a wandering Englishman on pilgrimage through the county of Rouergue one day presented himself to the lords of Panat as being the son of one 'King Harold' of England. In the context this can only mean Harold Harefoot (king, 1037-40). Ælfwine impressed the locals with his piety and he became the abbot of a nearby monastery: W. H. Stevenson, 'An Alleged Son of King Harold Harefoot'. In theory, one might take the Æltgyva scene in the tapestry as undermining any lingering pretension to the English throne that Harefoot's progeny may have had. In practice, Æltwine would not have had any real expectation of succeeding, nor any supporters in England, and he appears to have become a monk in France long before 1066. This, therefore, cannot be the answer to the Ælfgyva enigma.
20 Wadard and Vital
1 An account of the meeting was published in The Genealogists Magazine and is reprinted with other copious information on the subject in Camp, My Ancestors Came with the Conqueror.
2 Douglas, 'Companions of the Conqueror'.
3 Van Houts, 'Wace as Historian'.
4 Prentout, 'An Attempt to Identify Some Unknown Characters in the Bayeux Tapestry'.
5 Chibnall, The World of Orderic Vitalis; Gravett, Norman Knight.
6 La Crepin, vie de Saint Herluin.
7 Chibnall, The World of Orderic Vitalis, pp. 15, 119.
8 Bridgeford, 'Was Count Eustace II of Boulogne the Patron?'.
9 Urry, 'The Normans in Canterbury'.
10 Ibid.; Gem (ed.), St Augustine's Abbey, pp. 60-61.
11 Domesday Book, p. 30.
12 On Goscelin's life, The Life of King Edward, introduction by Barlow.
13 Gem, 'Canterbury and the Cushion Capital'; Gem (ed.), St Augustine's Abbey.
14 Gem, 'Canterbury and the Cushion Capital', pp. 88-9.
15 The mention of commercial documents at this early date is said to be unusual.