1968 - Mark Kurlansky [224]
And so the year ended like Dante’s traveler who at last climbed back from hell and gazed on the stars.
To get back up to the shining world from there
My guide and I went into that hidden tunnel:
And following its path, we took no care
To rest, but climbed: he first, then I—so far,
Through a round aperture I saw appear
Some of the beautiful things that Heaven bears,
Where we came forth, and once more saw the stars.
—DANTE, The Inferno
The earth in the last week of 1968. Photographed behind the moon by Apollo 8.
(Courtesy of National Space Science Data Center)
NOTES
CHAPTER 1: The Week It Began
3 with serenity. French translations, unless otherwise indicated, are by the author.
4 “unusually mellow, almost avuncular” The New York Times, January 1, 1968.
4 “Nguyen who hates the French.” A. J. Langguth, Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), 35.
5 “succeed in provoking a crisis.” Paris Match, January 6, 1968.
6 “the higher our sales go.” The New York Times, January 8, 1968.
8 “rescue our wounded officers.” Ibid., March 2, 1968.
8 the night he was arrested. Ibid., January 5, 1968.
10 Gore called “undemocratic.” Ibid.
11 disagreements on tactics and language. David Dellinger, From Yale to Jail: The Life Story of a Moral Dissenter (New York: Pantheon Books, 1993), 194–199.
11 April march on Washington. Maurice Isserman and Michael Kazin, America Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000), 170.
13 in the movement when he was twelve. The New York Times, January 5, 1968.
14 “potential problems around the world.” The New York Times, January 1, 1968.
14 Hoffman later explained to federal investigators. Jules Witcover, The Year the Dream Died: Revisiting 1968 in America (New York: Warner Books, 1997), 43, quoting from the Report of the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence, 1968.
17 “catastrophe upon all the people of the region.” The New York Times, January 1, 1968.
17 Arabs who were removed from the Old City. Ibid., January 12, 1968.
18 At least twenty-six such groups were operating before the 1967 war. Michael B. Oren, Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002), 29.
18 the PLO under al-Shuqayri, Paris Match, January 6, 1968.
18 returned to Lebanon. Oren, Six Days of War, 1.
19 an official poet was old-fashioned. The New York Times, January 2, 1968.
19 “ ‘I’ll be your Baby Tonight.’ ” Time, February 9, 1968.
19 “apparently felt he should return one.” The New York Times, January 11, 1968.
20 doctors now making godlike decisions? Life, April 5, 1968.
20 “I would pick the latter.” Paris Match, January 20, 1968.
22 blamed the United States for the Vietnam War, Bratislava Pravda, April 12, 1967, quoted in William Shawcross, Dubcek (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990), 94.
23 Novotny´ was outmaneuvered again. Shawcross, Dubcek, 112.
23 “but also in progressive culture and art.” The New York Times, January 2, 1968.
23 “Eto vashe delo” Shawcroft, Dubcek, 111.
24 1,438 enemy soldiers. The New York Times, January 5, 1968.
CHAPTER 2: He Who Argues With a Mosquito Net
25 “who happened to immigrate to Chicago,” Alexander Dubcek, Hope Dies Last: The Autobiography of Alexander Dubcek (New York: Kodansha International, 1993), 1.
26 “only free country in the world is the Soviet Union.” Shawcross, Dubcek, 10.
27 Czech stereotypes of Slovaks. Tomás Garrigue Masaryk, The Making of a State (London: Allen & Unwin, 1927), 21.
27 Czecho-Slovak and not Czechoslovakia, Shawcross, Dubcek, 12.
28 raw sparrow eggs in