• Choose a category
• All
• Classic-Fiction

(A) hypothalamus

(B) thalamus

(C) hippocampus

(D) frontal lobe

(E) parietal lobe

7. Dai was drunk, so his girlfriend convinced him to get out of his car, and she drove him home in her car. He could not remember where his car was parked when he got up the next morning, but after drinking some liquor, Dai remembered where he left his car. This phenomenon best illustrates

(A) the misinformation effect

(B) mood-congruent memory

(C) the framing effect

(D) state-dependent memory

(E) anterograde amnesia

8. Phonemes are:

(A) the rules of grammar that dictate letter combinations in a language

(B) the smallest unit of sound in a language

(C) the smallest unit of meaning in a language

(D) semantically the same as morphemes

(E) about 100 different words that are common to all languages

9. Because it has all of the features commonly associated with the concept bird, a robin is considered

(A) a prototype

(B) a schematic

(C) an algorithm

(D) a phenotype

(E) a heuristic

10. Compared to convergent thinkers, to solve a problem divergent thinkers are more likely to:

(A) process information to arrive at the single best answer

(B) think creatively and generate multiple answers

(C) problem solve in a systematic step-by-step fashion

(D) frequently suffer from functional fixedness

(E) use algorithms rather than heuristics to arrive at a solution

11. Unlike B. F. Skinner, Noam Chomsky believes that children

(A) learn to speak by mimicking the sounds around them

(B) speak more quickly if their parents correct their mispronunciations early

(C) are hard-wired for language acquisition

(D) learn language more quickly if positive rewards are given to them

(E) can learn to speak correctly only during a critical age

12. Which of the following is a good example of functional fixedness?

(A) failing to use a dime as a screwdriver when you have lost your screwdriver

(B) not being able to solve a physics problem because you apply the same rule you always do

(C) using a blanket as a pillow

(D) adding water to a cake mix when it calls for milk

(E) thinking of an apple first when you are asked to name fruits

13. Having been told that Syd is an engineer and Fran is an elementary school teacher, when Arnold meets the couple for the first time, he assumes that Syd is the husband and Fran is the wife, rather than the opposite, which is the case. This best illustrates:

(A) confirmation bias

(B) cognitive illusion

(C) the mere exposure effect

(D) the anchoring effect

(E) the representativeness heuristic

14. Which of the following is a holophrase one-year-old Amanda is likely to say?

(A) “Mmmmm”

(B) “Gaga”

(C) “Eat apple”

(D) “I eated the cookie”

(E) “Bottle”

15. Which of the following exemplifies retroactive interference?

(A) After suffering a blow to the head, Jean cannot form new memories.

(B) Elle failed a Spanish test because she studied for her Italian test after studying Spanish.

(C) Lee cannot remember an important date on the history exam.

(D) Gene cannot remember his new locker combination but remembers last year’s.

(E) Jodi remembers the first few items on her school supply list, but can’t remember the rest of them.

Answers and Explanations

1. B—The three stages of the Atkinson–Shiffrin process of memory are sensory memory, short-term (working memory), and long-term memory.

2. D—Episodic memories, like having a clown at your fifth birthday, are memories of events which happened to you personally—rather than factual semantic memories like dates, math problems, and French vocabulary—or procedural memories like how to tie a shoe.

3. E—Peas, corn, and onions all are words at the beginning of the list. The primacy effect refers to better recall for words at the beginning of a list, which have been transferred to long-term memory as a result of rehearsal.

4. D—Flour, milk, and eggs are the last items on the list. They are likely