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140–43, supplied through the kindness of Prof. Philippe Wolff of Toulouse. A copy of the fresco, generally known as “The Vow of Charles VI,” exists as an engraving in the Musée Paul Dupuy in Toulouse, and is reproduced in Vaissète, IV, plate XX-C, in G. Lafaille, Annales de la ville de Toulouse, 1687, I, 143, and in a number of later volumes. Lacking differentiation of faces, it is of little interest.

8 ff. SPANISH MISSION: That Coucy could have gone to Spain in the course of the tour of Languedoc is unlikely but not impossible. The documents show him to have been with the King at Toulouse for the founding of the Ordre de l’Espérance on an unknown date in December, and again (or still) there on January 5 when his signature was added to the King’s treaty with the Count of Foix (Vaissète, ed. of 1885, IX, 938–51, X, notes, 125–29; Lacaille, thèse, 127–28). He reappeared at Avignon on January 28 to testify in the Processus of Pierre de Luxemburg. This allows two intervals—one of unknown length in December and one of 23 days in January—when he might have gone to Barcelona and back, although the time element is very tight. No evidence exists to support Froissart’s version of his role in the Anjou-Aragon marriage. According to R. Oliver Bertrand, Bodas Reales entre Francia y la Corona de Aragon, Barcelona, 1947, 203, a marriage contract was concluded and a dispensation from Clement VII obtained in 1390, but the contract itself was not found. Researches by Richard Famiglietti at the BN and AN and in the published French and Spanish sources, and a search of the documents in the Archivo de la Corona de Aragon at Barcelona (commissioned through the kindness of Prof. J. N. Hillgarth) found no evidence of a journey by Coucy in connection with the Anjou-Aragon marriage.

9 PIERRE DE LUXEMBURG: Baring-Gould, Lives of the Saints, VII, 85–88; Jorga, 460–62; Valois, II, 300, 362–66; Huizinga, Waning, 179–80. Testimony in the Processus for canonization occupies 133 double-column folio pages in Acta Sanctorum, Paris, 1863–1940, vol. XXVIII, in which Coucy’s testimony appears on pp. 464–65, 468, 472, 476, 488.

10 THE ROYAL VISIT TO DIJON: Petit, Entrée, passim; KL, la, 556.

11 “FOR THE SOUL’S SALVATION”: q. Cartellieri, 29.

12 COUCY’S FOUNDATION OF CÉLESTIN MONASTERY: Roussel, 19–24.

13 FOIX’S “BOOK OF PRAYERS”: Pierre Tucoo-Chala, Gaston Febus, Pau, 1976, 103.

14 P COUCY’S CHARTER: BN, Fonds Latins, 5149, published in Roussel, 193–96, and (in part) in Duplessis, 158–59.

15 ff. THE ENTERPRISE AGAINST BARBARY: Chron. Bourbon, 218–57, is the chief primary source, taking precedence in this episode over Froissart (KL, XIV) and Chron. C6, I, 650–57 et seq. Secondary accounts: Delaville le Roux, 166–200; Mirot, “Politique”; Atiya, Crusade in Later Middle Ages.

16 BONET ON WAR AGAINST UNBELIEVERS: 126–27.

17 STRATEGY OF ABOU-’L-ABBAS: Ibn-Khaldoun, 118–19.

18 COUCY DISAPPROVES THE CHALLENGE: Chron. Bourbon, 233.

19 CHARLES VI VISITS COUCY: Jarry, “Voie de Fait,” 224.

Chapter 23—In a Dark Wood

1 “WE CAN ENVISION NOTHING FINER”: KL, XIV, 280–81. On the Voie de Fait in general, Froissart and Chron. C6, I, continue to be the narrative sources. Valois, II, and Mirot, “Politique,” are modern accounts.

2 JEAN GERSON: Morrall, passim. ON JOAN OF ARC: CMH, 810.

3 PETRARCH ON THE SCHOLASTICS: Correspondence, 222–23.

4 ff. GERSON’S OPINIONS: Copleston, 278; Thorndike, IV, 108, 114, 128. ON CURRICULUM FOR SCHOOLS: Gabriel, ON CHILDREN’S SEXUAL HABITS: Ariès, 106–7.

5 CONTROVERSY OVER Roman de la Rose: Bédier & Lazard, 98–99.

6 GERSON, “INTO THE FIRE”; KL, la, 221, n. 1.

7 JEAN DE MONTREUIL AND PIERRE COL: Huizinga, Waning, 113–15, 308–9.

8 BONIFACE, SALE OF BENEFICES: Creighton, I 16–17. CLEMENT PAWNS TIARA: Coville, 314–15.

9 WENCESLAS IV: Lindner, II, 170–77; Kamil Krofta, “Bohemia in the 14th Century,” chap. 6 in CMH; Jules Zeller, Les Empereurs du XIVe siècle, Paris, 1890, 450–52.

10 DRUNKENNESS IN GERMANY: Lindner, II, 174. POGROM OF PRAGUE: Baron, IX, 160 ff., 202, 318.

11 CONTROVERSY OVER THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION: Michelet,