A short history of nearly everything - Bill Bryson [245]
27 “it is an unstable element.” Strathern, p. 294.
28 “featured with pride the therapeutic effects . . .” Advertisement in Time magazine, January 3, 1927, p. 24.
29 “Radioactivity wasn't banned in consumer products until 1938.” Biddle, p. 133.
30 “Her lab books are kept in lead-lined boxes . . .” Science, “We Are Made of Starstuff,” May 4, 2001, p. 863.
CHAPTER 8 EINSTEIN'S UNIVERSE
1 “an average of slightly over one student a semester . . .” Cropper, p. 106.
2 “the thermodynamic principles of, well, nearly everything . . .” Cropper, p. 109.
3 “thermodynamics didn't apply simply to heat and energy . . .” Snow, The Physicists, p. 7.
4 “the Principia of thermodynamics . . .” Kevles, The Physicists, p. 33.
5 “he came to the United States with his family . . .” Kevles, pp. 27–28.
6 “The speed of light turned out to be the same . . .” Thorne, p. 65.
7 “probably the most famous negative result in the history of physics.” Cropper, p. 208.
8 “the work of science was nearly at an end . . .” Nature, “Physics from the Inside,” July 12, 2001, p. 121.
9 “were among the greatest in the history of physics . . .” Snow, The Physicists, p. 101.
10 “His very first paper . . .” Bodanis, E = mc2, p. 6.
11 “J. Willard Gibbs in Connecticut had done that work as well . . .” Boorse et al., The Atomic Scientists, p. 142.
12 “one of the most extraordinary scientific papers ever published . . .” Ferris, Coming of Age in the Milky Way, p. 193.
13 “had reached the conclusions by pure thought, unaided . . .” Snow, The Physicists, p. 101.
14 “no less than 7 x 1018 joules of potential energy . . .” Thorne, p. 172.
15 “Even a uranium bomb . . .” Bodanis, E = mc2, p. 77.
16 “Oh, that's not necessary . . .” Nature, “In the Eye of the Beholder,” March 21, 2002, p. 264.
17 “the highest intellectual achievement of humanity . . .” Boorse et al., p. 53.
18 “he was simply sitting in a chair . . .” Bodanis, E = mc2, p. 204.
19 “‘Cosmological Considerations on the General Theory of Relativity.' ” Guth, p. 36.
20 “‘Without it,' wrote Snow in 1979 . . .” Snow, The Physicists, p. 21.
21 “Crouch was hopelessly out of his depth . . .” Bodanis, E = mc2, p. 215.
22 “I am trying to think who the third person is.” Quoted in Hawking, A Brief History of Time, p. 91; and Aczel, God's Equation, p. 146.
23 “the faster one moves the more pronounced these effects become.” Guth, p. 37.
24 “a baseball thrown at a hundred miles an hour . . .” Brockman and Matson, How Things Are, p. 263.
25 “we all commonly encounter other kinds of relativity . . .” Bodanis, E = mc2, p. 83.
26 “the ultimate sagging mattress . . .” Overbye, p. 55.
27 “In some sense, gravity does not exist . . .” Kaku, “The Theory of the Universe?” in Shore, Mysteries of Life and the Universe, p. 161.
28 “Edwin enjoyed a wealth of physical endowments, too.” Cropper, p. 423.
29 “At a single high school track meet . . .” Christianson, Edwin Hubble, p. 33.
30 “One Harvard computer, Annie Jump Cannon . . .” Ferris, Coming of Age in the Milky Way, p. 258.
31 “elderly stars that have moved past their ‘main sequence phase' . . .” Ferguson, Measuring the Universe, pp. 166–67.
32 “They could be used as ‘standard candles' . . .” Ferguson, p. 166.
33 “was developing his seminal theory . . .” Moore, Fireside Astronomy, p. 63.
34 “In 1923 he showed that a puff of distant gossamer . . .” Overbye, p. 45; and Natural History, “Delusions of Centrality,” December 2002–January 2003, pp. 28–32.
35 “no one had hit on the idea of the expanding universe before.” Hawking, The Universe in a Nutshell, pp. 71–72.
36 “In 1936 Hubble produced a popular book . . .” Overbye, p. 14.
37 “the whereabouts of the century's greatest astronomer . . .” Overbye, p. 28.
CHAPTER 9 THE MIGHTY ATOM
1 “All things are made of atoms.” Feynman, p. 4.
2 “forty-five billion billion molecules.” Gribbin, Almost Everyone's Guide to Science, p. 250.
3 “up to a billion for each of us” Davies, p. 127.
4 “Atoms, however, go on practically forever.” Rees, p. 96.
5 “a paramecium