A short history of nearly everything - Bill Bryson [255]
28 “Only about 1 percent will grow in culture.” Science, “Microbiologists Explore Life's Rich, Hidden Kingdoms,” March 21, 1997, p. 1740.
29 “like learning about animals from visiting zoos.” New York Times, “Microbial Life's Steadfast Champion,” October 15, 1996, p. C7.
30 “Woese . . . ‘felt bitterly disappointed.' ” Ashcroft, pp. 274–75.
31 “Biology, like physics before it . . .” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, “Default Taxonomy; Ernst Mayr's View of the Microbial World,” September 15, 1998.
32 “Woese was not trained as a biologist . . .” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, “Two Empires or Three?” August 18, 1998.
33 “Of the twenty-three main divisions of life . . .” Schopf, p. 106.
34 “microbes would account for at least 80 percent . . .” New York Times, “Microbial Life's Steadfast Champion,” October 15, 1996, p. C7.
35 “the most rampantly infectious organism on Earth . . .” Nature, “Wolbachia: A Tale of Sex and Survival,” May 11, 2001, p. 109.
36 “only about one microbe in a thousand . . .” National Geographic, “Bacteria,” August 1993, p. 39.
37 “microbes are still the number three killer . . .” Outside, July 1999, p. 88.
38 “once caused terrifying epidemics and then disappeared . . .” Diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel, p. 208.
39 “a disease called necrotizing fasciitis . . .” Gawande, Complications, p. 234.
40 “The time has come to close the book . . .” New Yorker, “No Profit, No Cure,” November 5, 2001, p. 46.
41 “some 90 percent of those strains . . .” Economist, “Disease Fights Back,” May 20, 1995, p. 15.
42 “in 1997 a hospital in Tokyo reported the appearance . . .” Boston Globe, “Microbe Is Feared to Be Winning Battle Against Antibiotics,” May 30, 1997, p. A7.
43 “America's National Institutes of Health . . .” Economist, “Bugged by Disease,” March 21, 1998, p. 93.
44 “Hundreds, even thousands of people . . .” Forbes, “Do Germs Cause Cancer?” November 15, 1999, p. 195.
45 “a bacterial component in all kinds of other disorders . . .” Science, “Do Chronic Diseases Have an Infectious Root?” September 14, 2001, pp. 1974–76.
46 “a piece of nucleic acid surrounded by bad news . . .” Quoted in Oldstone, Viruses, Plagues and History, p. 8.
47 “About five thousand types of virus are known . . .” Biddle, pp. 153–54.
48 “Smallpox in the twentieth century alone . . .” Oldstone, p. 1.
49 “In ten years the disease killed some five million people . . .” Kolata, Flu, p. 292.
50 “World War I killed twenty-one million people in four years . . .” American Heritage, “The Great Swine Flu Epidemic of 1918,” June 1976, p. 82.
51 “In an attempt to devise a vaccine . . .” American Heritage, “The Great Swine Flu Epidemic of 1918,” June 1976, p. 82.
52 “Researchers at the Manchester Royal Infirmary . . .” National Geographic, “The Disease Detectives,” January 1991, p. 132.
53 “In 1969, a doctor at a Yale University lab . . .” Oldstone, p. 126.
54 “In 1990, a Nigerian living in Chicago . . .” Oldstone, p. 128.
CHAPTER 21 LIFE GOES ON
1 “The fate of nearly all living organisms . . .” Schopf, p. 72.
2 “Only about 15 percent of rocks can preserve fossils . . .” Lewis, The Dating Game, p. 24.
3 “less than one species in ten thousand . . .” Trefil, 101 Things You Don't Know About Science and No One Else Does Either, p. 280.
4 “there are 250,000 species of creature in the fossil record . . .” Leakey and Lewin, The Sixth Extinction, p. 45.
5 “About 95 percent of all the fossils we possess . . .” Leakey and Lewin, The Sixth Extinction, p. 45.
6 “It seems like a big number . . .” Richard Fortey, interview by author, Natural History Museum, London, February 19, 2001.
7 “one-half of 1 percent as long.” Fortey, Trilobite! p. 24.
8 “a whole Profallotaspis or Elenellus as big as a crab . . .” Fortey, Trilobite! p. 121.
9 “built up a collection of sufficient distinction . . .” “From Farmer-Laborer to Famous Leader: Charles D. Walcott (1850–1927),” GSA Today, January 1996.
10 “In 1879 he took a job as a field researcher . . .” Gould, Wonderful Life, pp. 242–43.
11 “His books fill a library