A World on Fire_ Britain's Crucial Role in the American Civil War - Amanda Foreman [522]
6. W. C. Ford (ed.), A Cycle of Adams Letters, 1861–1865, 2 vols. (Boston, 1920), vol. 2, p. 244, Charles Francis Adams, Jr., to Abigail Adams, January 8, 1865.
7. A recent traveler to America suggested to Wharncliffe that they donate the money to the U.S. Sanitary Commission. “I witnessed there on many and various occasions the untiring efforts of this Commission who took care of the sick, wounded and PRISONERS on each side,” the correspondent asserted. Sheffield Archives, WHM461/15, Bower Wood to Wharncliffe, January 3, 1865. The sources for the quotations in the footnote are Sheffield Archives, WHM461/16, PC Joseph Taylor to Wharncliffe, January 5, 1865, and Sheffield Archives, WHM461/24, Captain Hampson, late 13th Louisiana Regiment, to Wharncliffe, January 17, 1865.
8. Timothy Holmes (ed.), David Livingstone: Letters and Documents, 1861–1872 (London, 1990), p. 102, Livingstone to James Young, January 4, 1865.
9. NARA RG94/skm/414, Smelt to Lincoln, March 17, 1865. Smelt stated that he had written twelve months previously to get his son discharged on grounds of youth and inability; “I have today a letter from him, he having been exchanged [from a Confederate prison] and is now at Annapolis—He was wounded in 3 places … and lay for two days uncared for on the field of battle, yet singular to relate—lives!” (see also Chapter 28, n. 29).
10. Sheffield Archives, WHM461/23, Spence to Wharncliffe, January 16, 1865.
11. Not even the knowledge that every dispatch since July 1863 had been lost or captured diminished Bulloch’s belief that seapower could save the South. ORN, ser. 2, vol. 2, p. 787, Bulloch to Mallory, December 24, 1864.
12. Ibid., Bulloch to Low, January 8, 1865.
13. “If you approve this suggestion, you will please give me the earliest possible intimation of your views,” he wrote to Mallory. ORN, ser. 1, vol. 3, p. 722, Bulloch to Mallory, January 10, 1865.
14. Library of Congress, Hotze MSS, private letterbook, Hotze to Bulloch, January 25, 1865.
15. Two British officers were allowed on board. They were amazed that such a large ship could be managed by so small a crew. The governor of Australia was perplexed by the Shenandoah’s arrival and unsure whether to apply the usual belligerent rules or act on his own initiative. He decided to be safe and ordered her departure after recoaling and carrying out emergency repairs.
16. “Diary of John R. Thompson,” Confederate Veteran, 37 (1929), p. 99, January 27, 1865.
17. Sheffield Archives, WHM461/25, Collie to Wharncliffe, January 23, 1864.
18. ORN, ser. 1, vol. 3, p. 736, Bulloch to Mallory, February 11, 1865.
19. ORN, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 1260, Mason to Benjamin, c. February 1865.
20. Economist, February 5, 1865.
21. Stephen Wise, Lifeline of the Confederacy: Blockade Running During the Civil War (Columbia, S.C., 1988), p. 266, and David Surdam, Northern Naval Superiority and the Economics of the American Blockade (Columbia, S.C., 2001), p. 87.
22. Lance Davis and Stanley L. Engerman, Naval Blockades in Peace and War (Cambridge, 2006), p. 154.
23. See, e.g., Surdam, Northern Naval Supremacy, pp. 207–9.
24. Sarah Agnes Wallace and Frances Elma Gillespie (eds.), The Journal of Benjamin Moran 1857–1865, 2 vols. (Chicago, Ill., 1948, 1949), vol. 2, pp. 1371, 1373, 1382, February 1, 1865, February 6, 1865, and February 23, 1865.
25. ORN, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 1260, Mason to Benjamin, c. February 1865.
26. PRFA, part 1 (1866), p. 131, Adams to Seward, February 9, 1865.
27. MHS, Adams MSS, Diary of Charles Francis Adams, December 28, 1864.
28. G. P. Gooch (ed.), The Later Correspondence of Lord John Russell, 1840–1878, 2 vols. (London, 1925), vol. 2, p. 336, February 7, 1865. As late as January 15, Palmerston was still arguing with the Duke of Somerset that Quebec, Montreal, Halifax, and Bermuda must all be fortified. “The warnings of eventual hostility on the