All Hell Let Loose_ The World at War 1939-1945 - Max Hastings [452]
Einsatzgruppen (Nazi death squads), 508–9
Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight: foresees US entering war, 185; on Wainwright and MacArthur, 235; promoted to general, 326; negotiates ceasefire with Vichy French in North Africa, 376; command in North Africa, 378–9; reputation, 439; suppresses US atrocity story in Sicily, 446; overrules Clark at Salerno, 451; approves bombing of French targets, 531–2; as Supreme Commander for invasion of Europe, 531–3; forces established in Normandy, 535–6; assumes operational command of Anglo-American forces, 557; military strength in Europe, 564, 611; over-optimism, 577; strategy in NW Europe, 579, 584, 594; competition among subordinates, 582; held up by weather, 585; manpower shortage, 585; winter conditions of armies, 589; restores front after Ardennes battle, 594; advance into Germany, 605, 608; entrusts final stages of campaign to Montgomery, 610; abandons Berlin as objective, 611; insists on unconditional German surrender, 630; qualities, 667
Eisymont, Vyacheslav, 617
El Alamein: British defensive line, 138, 365; Montgomery’s victory at, 298; First Battle of (1 July 1942), 366; Second Battle of (October 1942), 371–2
Elbe, river, 612
Elliott, Capt. David, 329, 335
el-Masri, Gen. Aziz, 414
Engel, Col. Georg, 76
Engelbrecht, Gen. Erich, 44
Engineer, Miroo, 417
England, Len, 124, 328, 515
Enigma: Allies capture from Germans, 367
Enola Gay (B-29 Superfortress), 650
Eppler, Hans, 414
Epsom, Operation, 554
Eriksen, Col. Birger, 44
Eritrea, 109
Esders, Wilhelm (‘Doc’), 248
Esperance, Cape, 261
Estonia: anti-Russian actions, 145; and extermination of Jews, 611
Europe: post-war settlement, 611–12
euthanasia: as Nazi policy, 507
evacuees (British), 28
Evans, Redd and John Jacob Loeb: ‘Rosie the Riveter’ (song), 353
Fahmy, Hikmet, 414
Falaise Gap, Normandy, 530, 555–6
famines: in British Empire, 351, 422–5
Farouk, King of Egypt, 107, 414
Farrell, Capt. Charles, 540
Farrow, Ernie, 69
fascists: interned in Britain, 29
Feiner, S/Sgt. Harold, 234
Feldt, Gen. Kurt, 71
Felix, Charles, 606
Fellers, Col. Bonner, 130, 571
Fenet, Henri, 625–6
Fennema, S/Sgt. Harold, 330, 359
Ferguson, George, 235
Ferińć, Mirosław, 12
Fermi, Enrico, 646
Fermi, Laura, 646
Ferreira, Lt. Pedro, 460
Fibich-Savchenko, Aleksandra, 162
Finland: resists Russian invasion (1939–40), 31–7; armistice with Russia (1940), 37–8; receives help from Germany, 38; allies with Germany against Russia, 168–9; Russians advance into (1944), 549–50; armistice (1944), 550; casualties, 670
Finucane, Lt. Tony, 588
First Army (British), 378
Fitch, Adm. Aubrey, USN, 240
Fitt, Sgt. Bert, 562
Flanner, Janet, 17
Fleet Air Arm: weak performance, 270, 287, 293
Fletcher, Rear-Adm. Frank, USN, 238–41, 244–5, 247, 251, 254–5
Focke-Wulf 190 (German aircraft), 474, 482
Focke-Wulf Condor (German long-range aircraft), 288
Folcher, Gustave, 58–9
Foley, Frank, 46
Force Publique (Belgian Congo), 411
Formica, Lt. Vincenzo, 372–3, 380
Fortitude, Operation, 536
France: declares war on Germany, 1, 8–11; guarantees to Poland, 2–3; fails to support Poland, 11, 15; reluctance to take offensive against Germany, 17, 39; confronts Germany, 25–6; army demoralisation, 27; differences with Britain, 41, 50, 62–3; and Norway campaign, 48, 50–1; German advance in, 53–60, 63, 67–9; refugees from German advance, 59–60; soldiers evacuated at Dunkirk, 66–7; holds off Germans at Dunkirk, 67; defeat and surrender, 71–4; casualties, 72; Italy makes war on, 76; fleet bombarded by British, 80–1; servicemen repatriated by British, 80, 125; anti-Semitism, 81, 126, 403, 514, 660; resists British advances on territories, 81; Vichy government, 81; in Syria, 107; Vichy intervention in Iraq, 124–5; divided loyalties and anti-British sentiments, 125–7; Resistance movement, 126–7, 403; German naval bases in, 274; individual physical decline in war, 348; Vichy forces resist US landings, 376, 403; gendarmes send