Armageddon - Max Hastings [389]
“Attacking forces were interfered with”: Pogue, op. cit., p. 273.
“It was very cold and very wet”: AI Tony Moody.
“Telephone wiremen were”: AI Karl Godau.
“It was so dark that”: Ralph Gordon, Infantryman (privately published: 2000), p. 79.
“We were thankful we were still”: Ibid., p. 86.
“Battle exhaustion cases occurred”: PRO, WO218/3111, 5.23.45.
“Comparable American ETO”: U.S. Army Medical Department, Medical Statistics in World War II (Washington, D.C.: 1975), p. 43.
“enormous number of psychiatric”: Van Crefeld study for the U.S. Department of Defense, Fighting Power, 1980, p. 114.
“Combat fatigue was one”: “Combat Fatigue,” USAMHI, D769AZ no. 91 c.4.
“The strain of battle”: Chesarek Papers, box 3, USAMHI.
“There were increasing signs”: d’Este, Eisenhower, op. cit., p. 629.
“several hundred thousand”: Van Crefeld, op. cit., p. 116.
“Available statistics show that”: R. A. Gabriel and P. L. Savage, Crisis in Command: Mismanagement in the Army (New York: 1978), table 1.
“On 1 January 1945”: Donald Thomas, An Underworld at War (John Murray: 2003), p. 220.
“A further 10,000 British”: S. F. Crozier, History of the Royal Corps of Military Police (Gale & Polden: 1951), p. 121.
“A sample of British offenders”: John Ellis, The Sharp End (Pimlico: 1993), p. 244.
“In Brussels in December 1944”: Quoted ibid., p. 233.
“In the British Army, concern”: W. J. F. Eassic Papers, IWM, 75/55/1.
“Eisenhower was driven”: d’Este, Eisenhower, op. cit., p. 629.
“The U.S. Army suffered”: This issue has been exhaustively discussed by several writers, including the author in Overlord.
“We are about to invade”: K. R. Greenfield, V. D. Wiley, and Palmer, The Organization of Ground Combat Troops (Department of the Army: 1947), p. 323.
“Only 27.4 per cent of American”: R. R. Palmer, The Procurement and Training of Ground Combat Forces (Department of the Army, 1948), p. 17.
“Charles Felix’s unit was”: Felix, op. cit., p. 157.
“Replacements . . . are not”: NA, RG492–322 box 3.
“saw in the emergency retraining”: Ruppenthal, op. cit., p. 468.
“as a legitimate dumping ground”: Major-General J. E. Utterson-Kelson, PRO, WO199/725.
“Yet the root cause of Eisenhower’s”: For a wider discussion of the fascinating statistical issues of combat availability see, for instance, Ellis, op. cit., passim.
“It’s Sunday, my God”: U.S. 4th Division Intelligence Report, in possession Werner Kleeman.
“The forest was a very brutal”: AI Willi Pusch.
“The soldiers of the regiment”: Rush, op. cit., p. 284.
“The German Army almost”: Weigley, op. cit., p. 372.
“Do you have a good prayer”: d’Este, Patton, op. cit., p. 685.
“There he sat, big as life”: Bill Mauldin, The Brass Ring (W. W. Norton: 1971), chapter 15.
“I always admired Patton”: Quoted d’Este, Patton, op. cit., p. 694.
“would surrender not to fighting”: General Hobart Gay Diary, USAMHI.
“The combat efficiency of the troops”: Ibid.
“Staff-Sergeant Bill Getman”: Unpublished Bill Getman MS, SA.
“Many people here are resigned”: Hansen Diary, op. cit.
“The average infantryman was nearly”: Pogue, op. cit., pp. 221, 266.
“A Company of the 4th Division’s”: Quoted Rush, op. cit., pp. 41, 328.
“the most ineptly fought”: d’Este, Eisenhower, op. cit., p. 627.
“We never do anything bold”: D. K. R. Crosswell, The Chief of Staff (Greenwood Press: 1991), p. 135.
“If we were fighting”: Hansen Diary, op. cit.
“a very, very, small man”: Alanbrooke, op. cit., p. 473, 11.18.43.
“Yet, ‘to put it candidly’ ”: Omar Bradley, A General’s Life (Simon & Schuster: 1983), p. 343.
CHAPTER EIGHT: THE BULGE: AN AMERICAN EPIC
“He [Hitler] was incapable of”: The Fatal Decisions, ed. William Richardson and Seymour Friedlin (Michael Joseph: 1956), p. 225.
“Once, in a battle on the Eastern”: AI Tony Saurma.
“some were very inexperienced”: AI Rolf-Helmut Schröder.
“a stooped figure with a pale”: Richardson and Friedlin, op. cit., pp. 231–2.
“Our soldiers still believed”: Ibid., p. 228.
“My comrades and I entered”: Lemcke quoted The Battle of the Bulge, compiled by Hans J. Wijers (Brunnen: 2001),