services in St. Petersburg, Russia, who provided information and documents concerning Ayn Rand’s Russian childhood, youth, and family. Also: John Allen; Thaddeus Ashby; Iris Bell; Susan Belter; Indira Berndtson, The Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation and Archives; Michael Berliner; Kathy Berlowe; Robert Bidinotto; Kai Bird; Alice Lotvin Birney, Literary Manuscript Historian, Library of Congress; Jude Blanchette; Joan and Allan Blumenthal; Nell Boeschenstein (research); Leonard Bogat; Jeff Britting, archivist, Ayn Rand Institute; Fern Brown; William F. Buckley, Jr. (deceased); Roger J. Callahan; Becky Cape, the Literary Guild; Stephanie Cassidy, archivist, Art Students League; Margaret Cheney, The Lorain, Ohio, Genealogy Society; John Christensen, librarian, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University Library; Simon Elliott, Charles E. Young Research Library, Department of Special Collections, Manuscripts Division; Mary Marshall Clark, director, Columbia University Oral History Project; Lee Clifford; Frederick H. Cookinham; Richard Cornuelle; Lilyan Courtois; Stephen D. Cox; Aura Davies (research); Wendy de Weese; Frederick Dews, National Archives and Records Administration; Mary Beth Dunhouse, Ford Hall Forum Archives; Murray Dworetsky, M.D.; Jenny Eiger; Katie Eiger; Albert Ellis; Marsha Enright; John Enright; Walter Flamenbaum, M.D.; Joel Frank; Bettina Bien Greaves; Liesha Gullison; Avner Hacohen; Barbara Hall, oral historian, the Margaret Herrick Library of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; Muriel Welles Hall (deceased); Don Hauptmann; Molly Hays; Margaret Smith Heller; Hertog Fellowships at Columbia University School of the Arts, Writing Division, and Susan and Roger Hertog; Robert Hessen; Dalma Heyn; Ruth Beebe Hill; Florence Hirschfeld; Leonard Hirschfeld; Jonathan Hirschfeld; Tony Hiss; Beth Hoffman, archivist, Foundation for Economic Education; John Hospers; Gerry Howard; Spencer Howard, Herbert Hoover Presidential Library; Edward Hudgins; Elayne Kalberman; David Kelley; Michael Stuart Kelly; Daryn Kent-Duncan; George Kline; June Kurisu; Jenny Lee, Columbia Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Columbia University; Winnie Lee (photo research); Justin Martin; Scott McConnell; Ed Nash; Patricia Neal; Ruth Ohman; Kerry O’Quinn; Suze Orman; Connie Papurt; Jack Portnoy; Al Ramrus; Justin Raimondo; Shelly Reuben; Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr., Ludwig von Mises Institute; Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal; Allan Ryskind; Roger Salamon; Roberta Satro; Wilfred Schwartz; Marc Schwalb; Chris Matthew Sciabarra; Duncan Scott, director, the Objectivist History Project; Marian L. Smith, historian, History Office and Library, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security; Betsy Speicher; Ellen Stuttle; Joan Kennedy Taylor (deceased); William Thomas, director of programs at the Atlas Society; John Thornton; Henry Teitel; Alvin Toffler; James S. Valliant; Don Ventura; Jeffrey Walker; Mike Wallace; Greg Walsh, archivist, the Margaret Herrick Library of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; Eugene Winick; Marna Wolf.
Special thanks to Barbara Branden, who gave generously of her time, knowledge, and resources; to Nathaniel Branden, who spoke with me at length, on multiple occasions; and to Patricia O’Toole, without whose encouragement this book would not have been written.
And thanks, always, to my parents, Neil and Miriam Smith Heller.
ABBREVIATION KEY
KEY TO NAMES, PLACES, THINGS
ARI Ayn Rand Institute
JMB Joan Mitchell Blumenthal
BB Barbara Branden
NB Nathaniel Branden
JB Jeff Britting
FB Fern Brown
WFB William F. Buckley, Jr.
BC Bennett Cerf
RBH Ruth Beebe Hill
JH John Hospers
EK Elayne Kalberman
MSC Marc Schwalb Collection
LVM Ludwig von Mises
NBI Nathaniel Branden Institute
OHP Objectivist History Project
FO Frank O’Connor
IP Isabel Paterson
LP Leonard Peikoff
AR Ayn Rand
NR Nora (Eleanora) Rosenbaum
MR Murray Rothbard
MS Mimi Sutton
JKT Joan Kennedy Taylor
JW Jeff Walker
MW Marna Wolf
FLW Frank Lloyd Wright
KEY TO FREQUENTLY USED SOURCES
100 Voices