Being Wrong - Kathryn Schulz [199]
medical errors, 299–302, 304–6
Six Sigma, 303–4, 305–6
error studies, 11–12
ethics, 13–14, 232
golden rule, 255n
European Convention on Human Rights, 135
Evangelists (Evangelism), 107, 150, 179n, 188–89
Evans, Bertrand, 323–24
evidence, 111–32
beliefs and, 112–14
inductive biases and, 122–32
inductive reasoning and, 115–22
evidentiary thresholds, 130
evil, 13, 108–9, 110, 162, 288, 304n, 318, 347–48n
Evil Assumption, 108–9, 162
Evil Genius, 318
excuses, 213–16, 217–18
experience of error, 12–13, 16–17, 18, 183–295
denial and acceptance, 220–47
heartbreak. See heartbreak; love
“how wrong?” question. See “how wrong?” question
moment of. See moment of error
transformation. See transformation
Expert Political Judgment (Tetlock), 213n, 373n
explicit convictions, 91–93, 358–59n
extrapolation, 253–54
eyewitness testimony, 222–24
Glen Woodall, 227–28
Penny Beerntsen, 220–22, 224–27, 239–46
“fable,” 77
faces/vases image, 66, 66n, 354n
fallibility, 6, 69, 121, 179, 267–68
fallor ergo sum, 6, 346n
false beliefs, 36, 70, 324, 390n
false belief test, 100–103, 102–3n, 360n
false memories, 71–75
Farooqui, Shahnawaz, 156
fears, 27, 180, 330
federalism, 313–14
Federal Reserve, 87–88
Felder, Raoul, 248–49, 266–69
Festinger, Leon, 179–80, 179n, 194–95, 196, 204
Fifty Million Frenchmen, 138
finality doctrine, 379n
financial crisis of 2008, 87–90
first impressions, 263, 263n
First Person Constraint on Doxastic
Explanation. See ’Cuz It’s True
Constraint
flashbulb memories, 72–74, 74n, 75, 355n
flip-flopping, 175, 175n, 285
follow-the-crowd logic, 138–39, 139n
forcing functions, 193–94
forgetting curve, 73
Foucault, Michel, 38, 294, 337
fractal wrongness, 210n
Francis, John, 310–11
Frankish, Keith, 369n
Franklin, Benjamin, ix, 5–6, 313, 335–36
freedom of speech, 312–14
free markets, 87–90
French Resistance, 157–58
Freud, Sigmund, 19, 35, 37, 228–29, 283–84, 347n
Freudian slips, 35
“friends don’t let friends be wrong,” 288n
frustration, 333–34
Gadd, Irna, 199, 249–50
Gandhi, Mohandas, 315
Garden of Eden, 21–22, 347–48n
Gazzaniga, Michael, 79–80
Geertz, Clifford, 166n
Gelbspan, Ross, 25–26
genetic testing. See DNA testing
geocentrism, 130
Gide, André, 286
Gilbert, Daniel, 167–69
Gilbert and Sullivan, 78
Gilovich, Thomas, 138–39, 139n, 263n, 367n
Girardin, Lise, 135
Giuliani, Rudy, 103, 248
God’s love, 266n
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 19, 201
Goldenberg, Georg, 67–68
golden rule, 255n
Gopnik, Alison, 98
government regulations, 90
gradual belief change, 184–86
Great Disappointment, 206–12, 215–16, 218–19
Green, Marc, 19, 352–53n
Greenspan, Alan, 17–18, 87–90, 109, 126–27, 357n
green tea, 104–6
Grist, 310
groupthink, 152–54, 314n, 368n
guesswork and evidence, 115–23
Halbach, Teresa, 244, 245, 246
“hallucinate,” 41n
hallucinations, 36–39
Hamlet (Shakespeare), 16, 170–73, 371n
Hannah, 67–68, 71, 86
Harris, Sam, 363n
Hartmann, Heinz, 292–93
heartbreak, 247–72. See also love
rift between us and the world, 253–59
tools for understanding one another, 251–53
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm, 289
Heidegger, Martin, 22
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle of Error, 18
Helen of Troy, 7–8n
heliocentrism, 357n
Helms, Jesse, 274
Hendrix, Harville, 261–62, 269–71, 309–11
Himes, Joshua, 203–6
Hirshfield, Jane, 391n
Hirst, William, 76, 355n
Hirstein, William, 78–80, 80n, 82–83, 165n, 167, 174
Hiss, Alger, 286, 287
Hitler, Adolf, 13, 131
Hobbes, Thomas, 322
Hofstadter, Richard, 313, 314
homophily, 143
homosexuality, 209
Houdini, Harry (Ehrich Weiss), 64
“how wrong?” question, 201–19
denial and, 209–10
Millerites, 201–10, 211–14
minimization and, 210–11
Wrong Buts, 213–18
Human Error (Reason), 346n
human factors research (error studies), 11–12
Hume, David, 118, 139, 363n
humor, 321–26, 389–90n
Hussein, Saddam, 64n
hypotheses, 31–32, 98, 125, 208, 349n
“I am wrong” vs. “I was wrong,” 18, 184
“I believe,” 96n, 103n
Iceland, 51, 52, 60
Idea of a Party System, The (Hofstadter),