Blood and Rage_ A Cultural History of Terrorism - Michael Burleigh [325]
Irish Republican Brotherhood see Fenians Irish Volunteers, 19, 21
Isabella, Infanta of Spain, 269
Ishutin, Nikolai, 35–6
Islam: laws and traditions, 88; and Jewish settlement of Palestine, 91; and global ummah (community), 349; religious texts and beliefs, 350; and fundamentalism, 353–4, 488; ideology, 354–5; in South Asia, 365–6; in Bosnia, 397–8; conflict with Christianity, 402; view of West and Zionism, 414–15; hostility to Western dominance and values, 415–17, 485; practised in Europe, 436–8; and multiculturalism, 439–42; and racism, 439; recruits to terrorism, 442–4; and anti-terrorist measures, 480–4 see also jihad; ‘Islamofacism’, 489; Islamophobia, UK media obsessed with, 494; Sharia courts, 495, 496; Protestant Church and, 496; growth of in Europe, 497; territorial religion, 497–8
Islamabad: US embassy stormed, 350; Egyptian embassy bombed, 420
Islambouli, Khalid Ahmed Shawqi al-, 358–9
Islambouli, Muhammed al-, 358
Islamic Congress, 385–6
Islamic Development Bank, 349
Islamic Group (al-Jamaat al-Muslimin), 357
Islamic Jihad (organisation): formed, 348; and Palestinian Intifada, 382; Israelis attack, 387; bomb making, 390; and Jenin refugee camp, 396
Islamic Salvation Front (FIS; Algeria), 363–5, 376, 411, 492
Ismoil, Eyad, 418–19
Israel: Mizrahi Jews in, 110; Six-Day War (1967), 135, 355; Israeli majority in, 149; attacked from Jordan, 152; armed intervention in Jordan, 154; mobilises against Syrians in Jordan, 156; Palestinians attack from Lebanon, 156–7, 184; exchanges prisoners with Palestinians, 161, 381; Olympic competitors massacred (1972), 162–6; revenge actions after Munich massacre, 167–9; intelligence gathering and processing, 168–9; sends letter-bombs, 168; assassination policy and practice, 169–70; commando attack in Beirut, 173–4; actions against Palestinians, 174; negotiates with Palestine moderates, 178; invades Lebanon, 184–5; bombs Beirut, 185–6; West German leftists condemn as Fascist, 224; war with Arabs (1973), 349; conflict with Palestinians, 380; and Palestinian Intifadas, 380–5, 387, 391, 394–5; peace with Egypt and Jordan, 380; controls Gaza Strip, 381–2; treatment of Palestinians, 383; encourages fundamental Islamism, 385–6; acts against Hamas and Fatah, 387; and Oslo Accords, 388; suicide bombings in, 389–90, 392–3; navy intercepts arms from Iran, 391; Islamic hostility to, 415; Bush acknowledges two-state solution, 451; see also Palestine; British academics attitude towards, 491; invasion of Iraq end, 502
Israel-Palestine Friendship League, 178
Israeli Defence Force (IDF), 108, 187, 381, 385, 388, 395–6
Italy: terror incidents, 189–91, 200; neo-Fascism, 190–1; academic conditions and student activism, 191–4, 196–7, 205, 213; communism in, 191, 195, 207; industrial unrest in, 195–7; state reaction to Red Brigades’ kidnappings, 199–201; radical groups, 202–3; natural disasters and accidents, 204; political corruption and disorder, 204; Red Brigades’ hostility to state, 207; and abduction of Aldo Moro, 209–12; counter-terrorism measures, 213–18, 504; rumours of masonic lodge and security service involvement in Moro’s murder, 220; and asylum seekers, 435–6; bugs Islamist apartment in Milan, 469; see also Red Brigades; jihadist cells in, 504–5; Prodi government failure to tackle crime and immigration, 510
Iturrioz, Paco, 272
Ivanov, Ivan, 38–9, 43
Iyad, Abu (Salah Khalef), 110, 158–60, 163, 172, 177, 179, 183
Izetbegovic, Alija, 397
Izzedine al-Qassam Brigade (Hamas), 389–90
Jabotinsky, Zeev, 92–3, 98
Jaffar, Mohammed Khalim bin, 460
Jakarta Charter, 366
Jalalabad, 420
Jamaat-e-Islami (organisation), 368, 498
Japanese Red Army see Red Army Jarrah, Ziad, 444
Jarrai (Basque youth group), 286
Jazeera, Al- TV, 476
Jeffries, John (‘JJ’), 336
Jemaah Islamiyah (South Asian network), 366, 425–6, 460–1
Jenin refugee camp (Palestinian), 395–6
Jerusalem: Arab attacks on Jews in, 91; King David Hotel blown up, 103–4; riots following Sharon’s