Chaos - James Gleick [165]
automobiles, 246
averages, 12, 168–69
B
Barnsley, Michael, 215–16, 220–21, 226, 236–39
baseball, 67
Bateson, Gregory, 243
bees, 316–17
Belgium, 132
bell–shaped curve, see normal distribution
Beluzov–Zhabotinsky reaction, 287
Bergé, Pierre, 127
bifurcation, 71, 73, 74–75, 76, 78, 128, 173, 204–5, 211, 215, 223, 265, 305
in physiology, 281–82, 291
see also period–doubling; intermittency; quasiperiodicity
biological clock, see circadian rhythms
biology, 198–200, 230, 239, 299, 314
mathematics in, 76, 198–201, 278, 282
models in, 60
theoretical, 79, 292
see also physiology
Birkhoff, George D., 182, 329
Birkhoff’s bagel, 254
Blake, William, 115
blood vessels, 4, 108–9, 122
Bohr, Niels, 7
boundaries, 114, 165, 198, 218–19, 220, 227, 232–33
in snowflake formation, 309
Bourbaki, 88–90
brain, 3, 7, 163–64, 239, 298–99, 307
Bremen (West Germany), University of, 229
Brookhaven National Laboratory, 306
Brown, Norman O., 243
Burke, William, 244–45, 262, 267
Butterfly Effect, 8, 20–23, 246–47, 261, 328, 329
C
calculators, 69, 79, 170–71
calculus, see equations, differential California Institute of Technology, 243
California, University of
at Berkeley, 4, 45, 52, 247, 272
at Santa Cruz, 37, 52, 229, 243–245, 248–49, 264, 267, 269, 271–272
Cambridge University, 6
Cantor set, 92–94, 93, 99
Cantor, Georg, 92, 111, 118
Carruthers, Peter, 158, 160
Cartwright, Mary Lucy, 332
Casati, Giulio, 184
causality, 201
Cayley, Arthur, 218
Central Intelligence Agency, 4, 249
chaos, 3–5, 260, 319–24
in astronomy, 4–5, 14, 53–56, 144, 244, 245, 314
in biology, 230, 239
chemical, 287, 317
in climate, 271, 307
as creative process, 43
in dripping faucet, 262–66, 269
in earth’s magnetic field, 29
in ecology, 64, 315–17
in economics, 307
in experiments, 68
formal definitions, 306
in galactic orbits, 147
government financing of, 4
as health, 298
in human heart, 288–90
and Ice Ages, 170
interdisciplinary character of, 5
on Jupiter, 53
language of, 4
named, 69
nondissipative, 144, 252
onset of, 170, 174–75, 194
and perception, 164
resistance to ideas of, 31, 37–38, 106, 131, 139, 180, 303–6
as revolution, 6, 37
sensitive dependence on initial conditions in, 8, 23, 44, 52, 67–68, 152, 230, 246–47, 253, 311
in shapes, 195–202
and stability, 48, 55
teaching of, 244
see also strange attractors; disorder; aperiodicity
chaos game, 236–39, 238
chaotic attractors, see strange attractors
Chicago, University of, 307
China, 306
chromosomes, 5
circadian rhythms, 285–86, 288
City College of New York, 128, 131, 150, 159
climate, 168–70, 271, 307
White Earth equilibrium, 170
clouds, 2–3, 7, 11–12, 18, 26, 107, 157, 185–86
clustering, 91
coastlines, 94–96, 95, 105, 161, 237
cocaine, 283
Cohen, I. Bernard, 111
Cohen, Richard J., 290
color, 164–65
Columbia University, 244, 323
Comet Halley, 14–15
Communications in Mathematical Physics, 216
complex numbers, 215–20, 222–23, 226–32, 240
computers, 1, 7, 18, 209–10, 217, 227
analog, 244–47, 264, 267
and “artifacts,” 222
at Los Alamos, 178
attitudes toward, 13
and economics, 85
Cray, 7, 19
experimentation on, 230–31
graphics, 4, 15, 30, 38, 55, 71, 77, 114, 150, 178, 222–23, 226–40, 255, 269, 283
and heart rhythms, 289
and iterative fractals, 102
interactive use of, 38, 178–79
in laboratory experiments, 131, 289
personal, 7, 110–11, 114, 144, 146, 150, 231
Royal McBee, 11–12, 15–16, 19
simulating nonlinear systems, 44, 185, 209–10
supercomputers, 1, 7, 19, 123, 137
Systron–Donner, 244–7, 264, 267
Von Neumann and, 18
weather modeling on, 11–12, 14–15, 19, 21, 168–70
Control Data Corporation, 19
convection, 24–26, 25, 47, 128, 135, 139–41, 192–95, 202–6, 208–211, 314
Cornell University, 54, 158–59, 229, 285, 306
Corsica, 215
Couette–Taylor flow, 128–31, 129, 194, 203
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences (New York University), 77, 283
Cousteau, Jacques Y., 197
Creti, Donati, 53
crisis, 23
Crutchfield, James P., 248–51, 259, 264, 267, 270, 272, 306
cryptology, 256
Cvitanović, Predrag,