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was purported to have come, has been much exalted over the centuries. However, even though according to the biblical tale David was well known and "all the kings of the earth sought his presence" (2 Chron. 9:23), there is no record of David in nonHebraic sources, such as the histories of Herodotus and Hesiod. Nor are there any archaeological finds to bear out his existence, despite recent claims that a plaque was found bearing the words "house of David," because not only is the plaque's language oblique but Bible proponents, among others, have been known to salt sites and fabricate artifacts. As Roberta Harris says in The World of the Bible, "Some of the best known Bible stories centre on King David, yet neither history nor archaeology can substantiate any of them."53

Like so many other major characters in the Judeo-Christian bible, David is non-historical. Massey evinced that David, "the eighth son of Jesse, whose thirty captains were changed, in keeping with the thirty days of the month, was the Hebrew form of the Kamite moon-god Taht-Esmun, the eighth, one of whose titles is `the begetter of Osiris, who was so called because the solar regime was subsequent to the lunar dynasty . . ."Sa In other words, Osiris/Jesus descends from Taht-Esmun/David, "as it is written."

As stated, even the well-loved biblical Psalms attributed to David are not original but are Canaanite/ Egyptian. As Massey says:

The Psalms of David contain a substratum of the Muthoi, parables and dark sayings of old, which belonged to the hermeneutical Books of Taht, the Kamite Psalmist, and scribe of the gods. Those who were not in possession of the gnosis searched these writings for prophecy-after the fashion of Justin-upon which to establish the history.55

These "dark sayings" and events were applied to Jesus, and their presence in Psalms has been loudly touted as prophecy regarding "the Savior." In fact, many of the psalms are, as stated, a paean to the sun, which is how they are applicable to the solar myth Jesus. As Massey also says:

Such sayings do not relate to prophecies that could be fulfilled in any future human history. The transactions and utterances in the psalm are personal to the speaker there and then, and not to any future sufferer. They may be repeated, but the repetition cannot constitute history any more than it fulfills prophecy. The repetition of the words in character points to the reapplication of the mythos in a narrative assumed to be historical.56

Indeed, the fact that these sayings are repeated verbatim in the NT demonstrates that they were copied from older texts, rather than having been spoken by a historical character, unless he was a mere, unoriginal scriptural parrot. If so, he would have been an Egyptian parrot. In this regard, Potter reproduces the 14th-century Egyptian monotheist Akhenaten's "Hymn to Aten" and states:

The reader who is familiar with the Psalms of David will have noted the many parallelisms between this hymn and the 104th Psalm, similarities in language and especially thought. The composition of the Hebrew Psalm is assigned by scholars to the Greek Period of Hebrew History, 332-168 B.C.; hence, the Egyptian hymn is at least a thousand years earlier. Even if David wrote the Psalm, as tradition has it, the Egyptian composition is over three centuries older. If anyone is guilty of plagiarism, it was not Akhenaten.57

Of David and his psalms-singing, Gaster says:

... in a prominent position in the synagogue at Dura-Europus there is a fresco depicting an Orpheus-like figure by some identified as David; . . . a representation of the same scene occurs in a Jewish catacomb at Rome; and . . . in various manuscripts of the Psalter David is indeed portrayed as Orpheus.58

As a mythical character, therefore, David cannot be the progenitor of a historical Jesus.

Joseph, Father of Jesus

Jesus's lineage thus cannot be traced through his "earthly" father, Joseph, since Joseph was said to be a descendant of the mythical David. Naturally, Joseph also has his counterpart in older mythologies; for example, in