CompTIA A_ Certification All-In-One Exam Guide, Seventh Edition - Michael Meyers [515]
unauthorized access Anytime a person accesses resources in an unauthorized way. This access may or may not be malicious.
Unicode 16-bit code that covers every character of the most common languages, plus several thousand symbols.
unsigned driver Driver that has not gone through the Windows Hardware Quality Labs or Microsoft Windows Logo Program to ensure compatibility.
UPC (Universal Product Code) Bar code used to track inventory.
Upgrade Advisor The first process that runs on the XP installation CD. It examines your hardware and installed software (in the case of an upgrade) and provides a list of devices and software that are known to have issues with XP. It can also be run separately from the Windows XP installation, from the Windows XP CD. The Upgrade Advisor is also available for Windows Vista and Windows 7.
upgrade installation Installation of Windows on top of an earlier installed version, thus inheriting all previous hardware and software settings.
UPS (uninterruptible power supply) Device that supplies continuous clean power to a computer system the whole time the computer is on. Protects against power outages and sags.
URL (uniform resource locator) An address that defines the location of a resource on the Internet. URLs are used most often in conjunction with HTML and the World Wide Web.
USB (universal serial bus) General-purpose serial interconnect for keyboards, printers, joysticks, and many other devices. Enables hot-swapping devices.
USB host controller Integrated circuit that is usually built into the chipset and controls every USB device that connects to it.
USB hub Device that extends a single USB connection to two or more USB ports, almost always directly from one of the USB ports connected to the root hub.
USB root hub Part of the host controller that makes the physical connection to the USB ports.
USB thumb drive Flash memory device that uses the standard USB connection.
User account Container that identifies a user to an application, operating system, or network, including name, password, user name, groups to which the user belongs, and other information based on the user and the OS or NOS being used. Usually defines the rights and roles a user plays on a system.
User Accounts applet Windows XP (and later versions) applet that replaced the Users and Passwords applet of Windows 2000.
user interface Visual representation of the computer on the monitor that makes sense to the people using the computer, through which the user can interact with the computer.
user profiles Settings that correspond to a specific user account and may follow users regardless of the computers where they log on. These settings enable the user to have customized environment and security settings.
User’s Files Windows Vista’s redux of the My Documents folder structure. It is divided into several folders such as Documents, Pictures, Music, and Video.
Users and Passwords applet Windows 2000 application that allowed management of user accounts and passwords.
Users group List of local users not allowed, among other things, to edit the Registry or access critical system files. They can create groups, but can only manage the groups they create.
USMT (User State Migration Tool) Advanced application for file and settings transfer of multiple users.
UTP (unshielded twisted pair) Popular type of cabling for telephone and networks, composed of pairs of wires twisted around each other at specific intervals. The twists serve to reduce interference (also called crosstalk). The more twists, the less interference. Unlike its cousin, STP, UTP cable has no metallic shielding to protect the wires from external interference. 1000BaseT uses UTP, as do many other networking technologies. UTP is available in a variety of grades, called categories, as follows:
Category 1 UTP Regular