Coral Reefs [122]
of sand drifted by the winds, and agglutinated together, were proved correct, this difference would be immaterial; but, from his own account (page 118), there occur in one place, five or six layers of red earth, interstratified with the ordinary calcareous rock, and including stones too heavy for the wind to have moved, without having at the same time utterly dispersed every grain of the accompanying drifted matter. Mr. Nelson attributes the origin of these several layers, with their embedded stones, to as many violent catastrophes; but further investigation in such cases has generally succeeded in explaining phenomena of this kind by ordinary and simpler means. Finally, I may remark, that these islands have a considerable resemblance in shape to Barbuda in the West Indies, and to Pemba on the eastern coast of Africa, which latter island is about two hundred feet in height, and consists of coral-rock. I believe that the Bermuda Islands, from being fringed by living reefs, ought to have been coloured red; but I have left them uncoloured, on account of their general resemblance in external form to a lagoon-island or atoll.
INDEX.
The names not in capitals are all names of places, and refer exclusively to the Appendix: in well-defined archipelagoes, or groups of islands, the name of each separate island is not given.
ABROLHOS, Brazil, coated by corals.
Abrolhos (Australia).
ABSENCE of coral-reefs from certain coasts.
Acaba, gulf of.
Admiralty group.
AFRICA, east coast, fringing-reef of. Madreporitic rock of.
Africa, east coast.
AGE of individual corals.
Aiou.
Aitutaki.
Aldabra.
Alert reef.
Alexander, Grand Duke, island.
ALLAN, Dr., on Holuthuriae feeding on corals. On quick growth of corals at Madagascar. On reefs affected by currents.
Alloufatou.
Alphonse.
Amargoura. (Amargura.)
Amboina.
America, west coast.
Amirantes.
Anachorites.
Anambas.
ANAMOUKA, description of.
Anamouka.
Anadaman islands.
Antilles.
Appoo reef.
Arabia Felix.
AREAS, great extent of, interspersed with low islands. Of subsidence and of elevation. Of subsidence appear to be elongated. Of subsidence alternating with areas of elevation.
Arru group.
Arzobispo.
ASCIDIA, depth at which found.
Assomption.
Astova.
Atlantic islands.
ATOLLS, breaches in their reefs. Dimensions of. Dimensions of groups of. Not based on craters or on banks of sediment, or of rock. Of irregular forms. Steepness of their flanks. Width of their reef and islets. Their lowness. Lagoons. General range. With part of their reef submerged, and theory of.
Augustine, St.
AURORA island, an upraised atoll.
Aurora.
AUSTRAL islands, recently elevated.
Austral islands.
Australia, N.W. coast.
AUSTRALIAN barrier-reef.
Australian barrier.
Babuyan group.
Bahama banks.
Balahac.
Bally.
Baring.
BARRIER-REEF of Australia. Of New Caledonia.
BARRIER-REEFS, breaches through. Not based on worn down margin of rock. On banks of sediment. On submarine craters. Steepness of their flanks. Their probable vertical thickness. Theory of their formation.
Bampton shoal.
Banks islands.
Banks in the West Indies.
Bashee islands.
Bass island.
Batoa.
Beaupre reef.
BEECHEY, Captain, obligations of the author to. On submerged reefs. Account of Matilda island.
BELCHER, Captain, on boring through coral-reef.
Belize reef, off.
Bellinghausen.
Bermuda islands.
Beveridge reef.
Bligh.
BOLABOLA, view of.
Bombay shoal.
Bonin Bay.
Bonin group.
BORINGS through coral-reefs.
BORNEO, W. coast, recently elevated.
Borneo, E. coast. S.W. and W. coast N. coast. Western bank.
Boscawen.
Boston.
Bouka.
Bourbon.
Bourou.
Bouton.
BRAZIL, fringing-reefs on coast of.
BREACHES through barrier-reefs.
Brook.
Bunker.
Bunoa.
BYRON.
Cagayanes.
Candelaria.
Cargados Carajos.
Caroline archipelago.
Caroline island.
Carteret shoal.
CARYOPHYLLIA, depth at which it lives.
Cavilli.
Cayman
INDEX.
The names not in capitals are all names of places, and refer exclusively to the Appendix: in well-defined archipelagoes, or groups of islands, the name of each separate island is not given.
ABROLHOS, Brazil, coated by corals.
Abrolhos (Australia).
ABSENCE of coral-reefs from certain coasts.
Acaba, gulf of.
Admiralty group.
AFRICA, east coast, fringing-reef of. Madreporitic rock of.
Africa, east coast.
AGE of individual corals.
Aiou.
Aitutaki.
Aldabra.
Alert reef.
Alexander, Grand Duke, island.
ALLAN, Dr., on Holuthuriae feeding on corals. On quick growth of corals at Madagascar. On reefs affected by currents.
Alloufatou.
Alphonse.
Amargoura. (Amargura.)
Amboina.
America, west coast.
Amirantes.
Anachorites.
Anambas.
ANAMOUKA, description of.
Anamouka.
Anadaman islands.
Antilles.
Appoo reef.
Arabia Felix.
AREAS, great extent of, interspersed with low islands. Of subsidence and of elevation. Of subsidence appear to be elongated. Of subsidence alternating with areas of elevation.
Arru group.
Arzobispo.
ASCIDIA, depth at which found.
Assomption.
Astova.
Atlantic islands.
ATOLLS, breaches in their reefs. Dimensions of. Dimensions of groups of. Not based on craters or on banks of sediment, or of rock. Of irregular forms. Steepness of their flanks. Width of their reef and islets. Their lowness. Lagoons. General range. With part of their reef submerged, and theory of.
Augustine, St.
AURORA island, an upraised atoll.
Aurora.
AUSTRAL islands, recently elevated.
Austral islands.
Australia, N.W. coast.
AUSTRALIAN barrier-reef.
Australian barrier.
Babuyan group.
Bahama banks.
Balahac.
Bally.
Baring.
BARRIER-REEF of Australia. Of New Caledonia.
BARRIER-REEFS, breaches through. Not based on worn down margin of rock. On banks of sediment. On submarine craters. Steepness of their flanks. Their probable vertical thickness. Theory of their formation.
Bampton shoal.
Banks islands.
Banks in the West Indies.
Bashee islands.
Bass island.
Batoa.
Beaupre reef.
BEECHEY, Captain, obligations of the author to. On submerged reefs. Account of Matilda island.
BELCHER, Captain, on boring through coral-reef.
Belize reef, off.
Bellinghausen.
Bermuda islands.
Beveridge reef.
Bligh.
BOLABOLA, view of.
Bombay shoal.
Bonin Bay.
Bonin group.
BORINGS through coral-reefs.
BORNEO, W. coast, recently elevated.
Borneo, E. coast. S.W. and W. coast N. coast. Western bank.
Boscawen.
Boston.
Bouka.
Bourbon.
Bourou.
Bouton.
BRAZIL, fringing-reefs on coast of.
BREACHES through barrier-reefs.
Brook.
Bunker.
Bunoa.
BYRON.
Cagayanes.
Candelaria.
Cargados Carajos.
Caroline archipelago.
Caroline island.
Carteret shoal.
CARYOPHYLLIA, depth at which it lives.
Cavilli.
Cayman