Empire Lost - Andrew Stewart [139]
68 HCWM, 22-29 February1940, DO121/7;'October 1939', Lord Bruce's War Papers (National Archives of Australia, Canberra) AA1969/275/1; DO Minute, 16 March 1940, DO35/1000/1/101.
69 Machtig to Eden, 2 April 1940, DO121/66; ibid., Chamberlain to Mackenzie King, 8 April 1940.
70 Earl of Avon, The Eden Memoirs, pp. 95-6.
71 Minute by Dixon, 13 March 1940, FO371/25222; ibid., minute by Dixon, 20 March 1940.
72 Minute by Mason, 7 April 1940, FO371/25224; HCWM, 10/11 April 1940, DO121/7; J. W. Pickersgill, The Mackenzie King Record: Vol. 1, 1939-44 (Toronto, 1960), pp. 77, 107.
73 Diary, 10 April 1940, Waterson Papers; Waterson had been an early beneficiary of Smuts' victory in September 1939 and his decision to take control of the External Affairs Department in Pretoria and purge the officials with a pronounced anti-British outlook who had dominated it pre-war. Another former minister turned diplomat, much as was the norm for Dominions who lacked a professional cadre of such officials, he was moved from Paris to London and it was made clear to the British government that the new man could be trusted; Evening News, n.d. (September 1939?), Waterson Papers; minute by Dixon, 6 March 1940, FO371/25224.
74 Diary, 3 April 1940, Waterson Papers; HCWM, 22 April 1940, DO121/7; 'Note on Supreme War Council', 16/24 April 1940, DO35/998/7/13; WM(39)15, 14 September 1939, CAB65/1; Gilbert, Finest Hour, p. 250; Diary, 24 April 1940, Pearson Papers.
75 HCWM, 1 May 1940, DO121/7; ibid. 4 May 1940; ibid., 6 May 1940.
76 Eden to Halifax, 9 May 1940, DO35/1000/1/110.
77 John Colville, The Fringes of Power: Vol. 1 (London, 1985), pp. 139-44; John Charmley, Churchill: The End of Glory (London, 1993), pp. 395-434; Robert Blake, 'How Churchill Became Prime Minister' in Blake and Roger Louis (eds), Churchill, pp. 257-74; Sir John Wheeler-Bennett (et al.), Action this Day: Working with Churchill (London, 1968), pp. 203-4; Diary, 8 May 1940, Waterson Papers.
Notes to Chapter 4: Standing Alone
1 Ronald Hyam, 'Churchill and the British Empire' in Blake and Roger Louis (eds), Churchill, pp. 167-86; Watt, Personalities and Policies, p. 162; Machtig had 'some most interesting stories' about Churchill's relationship with the Dominions but he could not be induced to share them, instead preferring to keep them to himself, even after Churchill's death, Dixon to Batterbee, 21 March 1968, Batterbee Papers, Box 20; Gilbert, Finest Hour, p. 81; Sir Evelyn Wrench, 'Churchill and the Empire' in Charles Eade (ed.), Churchill by His Contemporaries (London, 1953), p. 288.
2 Alfred Emmott (Churchill's fellow MP at Oldham in the 1900 parliament) to Asquith, 20 May 1915, cited in Roy Jenkins, Churchill (London, 2001), p. 275.
3 Leo Amery, My Political Life: Vol. 1, England Before the Storm (London, 1953), p. 196. Although they were friends of a sort, the two men often clashed. So much so the individual who can take much of the credit for creating the DO would later complain that the wartime prime minister, 'Congenitally Little England' as he once referred to him, 'never really possessed an "imperial" or "commonwealth" intellect'; Roger Louis, In the Name of God Go!, p. 89; Roger Louis, 'Churchill and Egypt' in Blake and Roger Louis (eds), Churchill, p. 486.
4 Winston Churchill, 'The Mystery of Empire', The Sunday Dispatch, 17 March 1940 [N.B. written before the outbreak of war] Chartwell Papers (Churchill College), CHAR8/666.
5 Roger Louis, Imperialism at Bay: The United States and the Decolonization of the British Empire (London, 1978), p. 16; Churchill to Amery, 7 December 1924, DO121/1.
6 Winston Churchill, 'The Statute of Westminster', (n.d.) Chartwell Papers, CHAR8/565.
7 Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill (Vol. 5, 1922-39)