Empire Lost - Andrew Stewart [141]
29 Hill, Cabinet Decisions on Foreign Policy, pp. 156-63, 169-73; HCWM, 28 May 1940, DO121/8; 'Memorandum', May 1940, DO35/548E/22/9/3.
30 Harding to Batterbee, 5 June 1940, Batterbee Papers, Box 6/4.
31 P. G. Edwards, 'R.G.Menzies Appeals to the United States, May-June 1940', Australian Outlook (No. 28; 1974), pp. 64-70; P. G. Edwards, 'S.M. Bruce, R.G. Menzies and Australia's War Aims and Peace Aims, 1939-1940', Historical Studies (Vol. 17, No. 66; 1976/77), pp. 10, 11.
32 Eden to Inskip, 3 June 1940, DO35/1003/2/11/1/1B; ibid. WO to Archer, 30 May 1940; New Zealand troops were reported to have cheered when they were told of Italy's entry into the war as it 'put an end to a trying period of uncertainty'; 'Reaction in the Dominions', The Times, 13 June 1940.
33 'Memorandum by the First Lord of the Admiralty on Australian and New Zealand Naval Defence', WP135(39), 23 November 1939, CAB67/3; WCM(39)92, 23 November 1939, CAB65/2.
34 Dixon to Ronald (FO), 10 June 1940, DO35/1003/8/13; ibid. minute by Garner, 13 June 1940; minute by Stephenson, 14 June 1940; Mansergh, Problems of Wartime Cooperation, pp. 43-4.
35 WCM(40)141, 27 May 1940, CAB65/13; Edwards, Bruce of Melbourne, pp. 286-99; Gilbert, Finest Hour, p. 435.
36 Telegram to Dominions, 12 June 1940, DO35/1003/2/11/1/1B; Telegram for Dominion Prime Ministers only, 14 June 1940; P. M. H. Bell, A Certain Eventuality (London, 1974), p. 31-54; HCWM, 12 June 1940, DO121/8; WCM(40)165, 13 June 1940, CAB65/7; ibid., WCM(40)165, 13 June 1940; HCWM, 13 June 1940, DO121/8; Chiefs of Staff Report, June 1940, WP168(40), CAB66/7; Chiefs of Staff Report, June 1940, WP201(40), CAB66/8; Dairy, 3 June 1940, Waterson Papers.
37 Robert Menzies, Afternoon Light (London, 1967), pp. 17-19; Whiskard to Eden, 22 February 1940, DO121/11; Menzies to DO, 16 June 1940, DO35/1003/11/3/3; ibid., FO to DO, 19 June 1940; Menzies to Bruce, 17 June 1940, DO35/1003/11/3/4; ibid., Churchill to Menzies, 23 June 1940; Menzies to DO, 18 June 1940, DO35/1003/1/3/7; ibid., DO to Whiskard, 21 June 1940.
38 Batterbee to DO, 15 June 1940, DO35/1003/11/4/1; Governor-General to Caldecote, 15 June 1940, DO35/1003/11/4/2; ibid., Machtig to Phillips, 22 June 1940; Batterbee to DO, 18 June 1940, DO35/1003/11/4/4. Wellington's support was welcomed within the FO: 'On the night of 15 June [1940], heart-warming messages reached 10 Downing Street from Australia and New Zealand. Both offered their unconditional support. "If HM Government in the United Kingdom decide to fight on" said the telegram from Wellington, "we pledge this Dominion to remain with them to the end, and we are confident this policy is unchangeable in the Dominion ... whatever the decision ... in these most difficult circumstances, it will be understood, accepted and supported by us to the end". Churchill replied at 3.30am: "I am deeply touched by your message, which is only in keeping with all that the Mother Country has ever received in peace or war from New Zealand"', David Dilks (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan, pp. 302-3.
39 Caldecote to Batterbee, 26 July 1940, Batterbee Papers, Box 6/1; Mason to Garner, 19 June 1940, DO35/1003/11/4/2; ibid., Garner to Stephenson, 20 June 1940; Machtig to Caldecote, 21 June 1940, DO35/1003/11/4/4; Anne Orde, The Eclipse of Great Britain, The United States and British Imperial Decline, 1895-1956 (London, 1996), pp. 130-1.
40 Harding to DO, 19 June 1940, DO35/1004/11/5/3.
41 Smuts to Churchill, 12 July 1940, DO35/1003/11/1/36; ibid., Churchill to Smuts, 13 July 1940; A. J. Marder, From the Dardanelles to Oran (London, 1974), pp. 206-88; Bell, A Certain Eventuality, pp. 38, 152-6; Warren Tute, The Deadly Stroke (London, 1973), pp. 36-62; Churchill, Their Finest Hour, p. 573.
42 Winston S. Churchill (ed.), Never Give In!: