FDR - Jean Edward Smith [402]
21. Davis, Beckoning Destiny 34. Also see Peter Collier with David Horowitz, The Roosevelts: An American Saga 53–54 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994).
22. “The Delanos,” said Eleanor, “were the first people I met who were able to do what they wanted to do without wondering where to obtain the money.” Autobiography of Eleanor Roosevelt 47 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1961).
23. Rita Halle Kleeman, Gracious Lady 5–6 (New York: D. Appleton–Century, 1935).
24. Daniel W. Delano, Jr., Franklin Roosevelt and the Delano Influence 31–33 (Pittsburgh: J. S. Nudi Publications, 1946).
25. Steeholm, House at Hyde Park 13; Freidel, Apprenticeship 13–14; James MacGregor Burns and Susan Dunn, The Three Roosevelts 19 (New York: Grove Press, 2001). Warren Delano’s million-dollar fortune would translate into roughly $24 million in 2006. Perhaps a more accurate gauge would be that when John Jacob Astor, the nation’s first millionaire, died in 1848 he left an estate valued at somewhat less than $20 million: a sum “as incomprehensible as infinity,” according to one obituary writer. Ward, Before the Trumpet 130.
26. Colonnade Row was designed in the 1830s by Ithiel Town and Alexander Jackson Davis, noted Greek Revival architects whose work included the New York Customs House and state capitols in Connecticut, Indiana, North Carolina, and Ohio.
27. Within the family, Sara was called “Sallie” to distinguish her from Aunt Sarah, Warren’s sister. For simplicity, I have referred to the president’s mother as “Sara” throughout.
28. Downing’s Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening Adapted to North America, published in 1840, is an American classic. Also see his The Architecture of Country Houses (New York: D. Appleton, 1850).
29. Quoted in Kleeman, Gracious Lady 35.
30. For an extended treatment of Chinese complicity in the opium trade, see William Travis Hanes and Frank Sanello, The Opium Wars: The Addiction of One Empire and the Corruption of Another 42–49 (Naperville, Ill.: Sourcebooks, 2002). Also see John King Fairbank, Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast 65–68 (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1969); William O. Walker III, Opium and Foreign Policy 4–14 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991); David Edward Owen, British Opium Policy in China and India 204 ff. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1934).
31. Warren’s letter was written from Canton on April 11, 1839, but the sentiments expressed apply a fortiori to his stint in Hong Kong in the 1860s. Warren noted that if the Chinese authorities disapproved of the opium trade, they could easily extinguish it. Quoted in Frederic D. Grant, Jr., “Edward Delano and Warren Delano II: Case Studies in American China Trader Attitudes Toward the Chinese, 1834–1844” (honors thesis, Bates College, 1976) 183–185, 260–261. Also see the lengthy notation concerning Warren Delano and the opium trade in Ward, Before the Trumpet 87–88n as well as Daniel Delano, Franklin Roosevelt and the Delano Influence 163, which frankly acknowledges, “Warren was now engaged in the opium trade and it paid large and handsome returns.” For additional background, see Jacques M. Downs, “American Merchants and the China Opium Trade, 1800–1840,” 42 Business History Review 418–442 (1968), and the sources citied therein.
32. Quoted in Ward, Before the Trumpet 90.
33. R.J.C. Butow, “A Notable Passage to China: Myth and Memory in FDR’s Family History,” Prologue, Fall 1999, 159–160. Also see Kleeman, Gracious Lady 43–60.
34. FDR to Felix Frankfurter, April 18, 1942, in Roosevelt and Frankfurter: Their Correspondence 656, Max Freedman, ed. (Boston: Little, Brown, 1967).
35. Quoted in Ward, Before the Trumpet 95.
36. Kleeman, Gracious Lady 65.
37. Suzannah Lessard, The Architect of Desire: Beauty and Danger in the Stanford White Family 203 (New York: Dial Press, 1996).
38. Quoted in Steeholm, House at Hyde Park 36. Also see Davis, Beckoning Destiny 35.
39. Quoted in Kleeman, Gracious Lady 111.
TWO | My Son Franklin
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