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89. Min Sheng Pau, 26 October 1945.

90. ‘Report on Labour troubles in Singapore’, 27 October 1945; ‘Labour sitrep Singapore’, 27 October 1945, BMA/DEPT/2/15, ANM; New Democracy, 23 October 1945.

91. Michael Stenson, Industrial conflict in Malaya: prelude to the communist revolt of 1948 (London, 1970); Leong Yee Fong, Labour and trade unionism in colonial Malaya (Penang, 1999). For Brazier, see Gamba, The origins of trade unionism, p. 101.

92. Under the name Wee Mong Cheng, Ng Yeh Lu embarked on a successful business career; he became an office bearer in the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce, and between 1973 and 1980 Singapore’s ambassador to Japan and Korea, C. F. Yong, The origins of Malayan Communism (Singapore, 1997), pp. 190–2, 253. Also Yoji Akashi, ‘Lai Teck, Secretary General of the Malayan Communist Party, 1939–1947’, Journal of the South Seas Society, 49 (1994), pp. 57–103.

93. Kin Kwok Daily News [Ipoh], 27 November 1945.

94. Victor Purcell, ‘Malaya’s Political Climate V: 1–20 December 1945’, WO203/5302, TNA.

95. ‘Appendix I: Lai Teck, Communist leader’, in CO537/3737, TNA.

96. Mamoru Shinozaki, Syonan – my story: the Japanese occupation of Singapore (Singapore, 1979), pp. 101–2; Yoji Akashi, ‘The Anti-Japanese movement in Perak during the Japanese occupation, 1941–45’, in Paul H. Kratoska (ed.), Malaya and Singapore during the Japanese occupation (Singa-pore, 1995), p. 118.

97. We have here drawn on the detective work of Cheah Boon Kheng, Red star over Malaya: resistance and social conflict during and after the Japanese occupation of Malaya, 1941–1946 (Singapore, 1983), pp. 244–7.

98. Quoted in Charles B. McLane, Soviet strategies in Southeast Asia: an exploration of Eastern Poicy under Lenin and Stalin (Princeton, 1966), p. 306.

99. US Army, Kuala Lumpur, ‘Interview with Communist leaders’, 15 October 1945, NARA/XL26313, SNA. Lim Cheng Leng, The story of a psy-warrior: Ta Sri Dr C. C. Too (Batu Caves, 2000), pp. 67–9.

100. Shih Tai Jit Poh, 21 October 1945; Min Sheng Pau, 24 October, 1945.

101. Purcell, ‘Malaya’s Political Climate V’.

102. The following report is complied from notes taken by William McDougall of United Press during an interview with ‘Wu Tain Want’ [Wu Tian Wang], spokesman of the Singapore City Committee of the Malayan Communist Party, 23 September 1945, NARA/XL27129, SNA.

103. OSS, ‘Activities of Liu Yau’, 31 August 1946, NARA/A-71322, SNA.

104. Hu Ti Jun, ‘A letter to the British Advisor of Malayan Affairs (The Parkerton Open Letter)’, in Foong Choon Hon (ed.), The price of peace: true accounts of the Japanese occupation (Singapore, 1991), p. 288.

105. War Office to ALFSEA, 27 June, 1946; Chief Secretary to HQ Malaya District, 20 April 1950, WO32/17642, TNA.

106. Ho Thean Fook, Tainted glory (Kuala Lumpur, 2000), pp. 252–9.

107. Purcell, Memoirs of a Malayan official, pp. 352, 357.

108. Mary Turnbull, ‘British planning for post-war Malaya’, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 5, 2 (1974), pp. 239–54.

109. H. M. Cheng, ‘Re: Malayan Nationality’, 5 December 1945, BMA/CH/68/45, SNA.

110. Purcell, ‘Malaya’s Political Climate II’.

111. Mountbatten to Oliver Stanley, 19 July 1944, in Stockwell, British documents: Malaya, part 1, pp. 82–3.

112. Report by H. C. Willan, 7 October 1945, ibid., pp. 140–2. For the Sultan’s tiger kills, A. Locke, The tigers of Trengganu (London, 1954), p. 149.

113. A. J. Stockwell, British policy and Malay politics during the Malayan Union experiment, 1945–1948 (Kuala Lumpur, 1979), p. 40.

114. Sir Harold MacMichael to Sir George Gator, 22 October 1945, in Stockwell, British documents: Malaya, part I, pp. 171–5.

115. Notes by Sir Harold MacMichael, 30 November–3 December 1945, ibid., pp. 181–6.

116. Badlishah’s letter to Yang di-Pertuan Besar [ruler] of Negri Sembilan, in Ismail bin Haji Salleh, The Sultan was not alone: a collection of letters written by Sultan Badlishah in his effort to repeal the Malayan Union policy imposed by the British Government on Malaya in 1946, and other