Free Radicals - Michael Brooks [135]
p. 196 ‘The paper which has just been presented is all wrong’: The meeting report is in The Observatory, vol. 58, p. 33 (February 1935); Eddington’s attack on Chandra is on p. 37. Both can be accessed at http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/19350bs….58…33
p. 200 along came the Swedish physicist Hannes Alfvén: Sources on Alfvén: H. Alfvén, ‘Plasma Physics, Space Research and the Origin of the Solar System’, Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1970, available at nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1970/alfven-lecture. pdf; A. Dessler, ‘Nobel Prizes: 1970 Awards Honor Three in Physics and Chemistry’, Science, vol. 170, p. 604 (1970); H. Alfvén, ‘Memoirs of a Dissident Scientist’, American Scientist, vol. 76, p. 249 (May/June 1998); C.-G. Fälthammar and A. Dessler, ‘Hannes Alfvén: Biographical Memoir’, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 150, p. 649 (2006); A.L. Peratt, ‘Hannes Alfvén: Dean of the Plasma Dissidents’, The World & I, p. 190 (May 1988), available at http://public.lanl.gov/alp/plasma/people/alfven.html; B. De, ‘Hannes Alfvén Birth Centennial: A Pictorial Tribute’, http://www.bibhasde.com/Alfven100.html
p. 201 ‘It would be difficult to overestimate the great influence which Chapman exerted …’: ‘Professor Sydney Chapman: An Outstanding Mathematical Physicist’, Obituary, Times, 18 June 1970, p. 12, available at http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Obits/Chapman.html
p. 201 ‘A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents …’: M. Planck, Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers, translated by F. Gaynor (New York, 1949), p. 33.
p. 202 the Norwegian physicist Kristian Birkeland was found dead in a Tokyo hotel room: Birkeland’s life and work is fascinatingly documented in L. Jago, The Northern Lights (Penguin, 2002).
p. 202 ‘It seems to be a natural consequence of our points of view …’: K. Birkeland, ‘Polar Magnetic Phenomena and Terrella Experiments’, The Norwegian Aurora Polaris Expedition 1902–1903, Section 2 (H. Aschehoug & Co., 1913), p. 720, available at http://www.archive.org/details/norwegianaurorap01chririch
p. 202 it was not until 1963 that Birkeland was proved right: T. Potemra, ‘Birkeland Currents, Recent Contributions from Satellite Magnetic Field Measurements’, Physica Scripta, vol. 18, p. 152 (1987).
p. 203 ‘I have no trouble publishing in Soviet astrophysical journals …’: H. Alfvén, ‘Memoirs of a Dissident Scientist’.
p. 203 In the end, he managed to publish what is now the foundation of our modern understanding: H. Alfvén, ‘A Theory of Magnetic Storms and the Aurorae’, Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar III, vol. 18, p. 3 (1939).
p. 204 a research report on the dangers posed by the Sun: Severe Space Weather Events: Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts (National Academies Press, 2008), available at http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12507
p. 205 In 2010, President Obama gave NASA a new objective: T. Malik, ‘Obama Aims to Send Astronauts to an Asteroid, Then to Mars’, 15 April 2010, http://www.space.com/8222-obama-aims-send-astronauts-asteroid-mars.html
p. 206 The workers’ union took over the railways: G. Bailey, ‘Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War’, International Socialist Review, no. 24, July/August 2002, available at http://www.isreview.org/issues/24/anarchists_spain.shtml
p. 206 Every year, the club donates 0.7 per cent of its income to UNICEF: R. Karwal, ‘FC Barcelona Supports UNICEF’s Fight Against HIV/AIDS’, UNICEF Newsline, 1 December 2008, available at http://www.unicef.org/aids/index_46705.html
p. 207 made the front page of the New York Times: W. Stevens, ‘New, Glassy Electronic Device May Outstrip the Transistor’, New York Times, 11 November 1968, quoted