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Shannon, Elizabeth, Viscountess (née Killigrew), 77, 168–72

Shannon, Francis Boyle, 1st Viscount, 169–72

Siebrechts, Jan, 123

Skelton, Bevil, 37

slave trade: African, 327

Sloane, Sir Hans, 315

Solms, Princess Amalia von: marriage to Frederik Hendrik, 67, 68, 212; tours Netherlands with Princess Mary, 72; and proposed marriage of Charles II, 76; court life and culture, 82–5, 90, 110, 118; art interests and collection, 83, 129, 132; status, 118; Dieussart models statues for, 138; art collection dispersed on death, 147; supports Charles II in United Provinces, 162; and Duarte, 178; and Anne de la Barre, 186–7; and Ballet de la Carmesse, 190; and building works, 209; and garden design, 223

Solms, Heinrich Maastricht, Count of, 20–1

Solomon, Temple of: Leon’s model, 356

Somerset, Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of, 312

Somerset, Frances, Countess of, 101

Somerset House, London, 116–17

Somerset, Robert Carr, Earl of, 100–1, 129

Sommelsdijck, Cornelis van Aerssen, Heer van, 271

Sommelsdijck, François van Aerssen, Heer van, 67–9, 212, 228

Sorgvliet, 50, 239, 241, 250, 256

Southwell, Sir Robert, 315

Soutman, Pieter, 90

Spa, Netherlands, 161–2, 175

Spain: Charles I’s relations with, 67, 69; defeats Elector Frederick, 86–7

Sprat, Thomas, 81, 319–20

Stafford, Sir Thomas, 173

Stanhope, Alexander, 145

Stanhope, Katherine Wotton, Lady, 163

States General (Dutch): sanctions and finances invasion of England, 5; Stadholder lacks authority in, 70; Maurits controls, 97; prohibits Princess Mary from offering sanctuary to brothers, 112, 175, 188; bans House of Orange from Stadholdership, 118

Stent, Peter, 219

Stone family, 206

Stone, Henry, 206

Stone, Nicholas, 205–6

Strasbourg: Louis XIV captures, 63

Strickland, Sir Walter, 161

Stuart family: and English succession, 54–5; marriage negotiations with House of Orange, 73–8; court, 82; art interests and collecting, 113, 125; portraits, 116; see also individual members

Stuyvesant, Peter (Petrus), 324–5, 330–1, 346

Suasso, Francisco Lopes see Lopes Suasso, Francisco

Surinam, 241

Swammerdam, Jan, 264–5

Swann, Utricia, Lady (née Ogle), 149, 163–4, 166, 178, 197, 200, 217

Swann, Sir William, 163, 166

Sweerts, Catherina, 152

T

telescopes, 316–18

Temple, Sir William, 217, 227–8, 335–6, 341

Terbrugghen, Hendrik, 126

Terschelling island, 285

Tessers, Hendrik, 123

Thulden, Theodoor van, 90

Thuret, Isaac, 266

timekeeping see clocks and watches

Titian: Pardo Venus (painting), 114, 116; Venus with Organ Player (painting), 116

Torbay: Dutch fleet arrives in, 10, 12–13, 15; William in, 28

Torrington, Earl of see Herbert, Admiral Arthur

Tromp, Admiral Cornelis Maartenzoon, 162

tulips, 257, 258, 259–60

U

United Provinces (Dutch Republic): prepares invasion of England, 4–5, 8, 36–7; trade war with France, 33, 39–40, 42; French threat to, 37, 41, 62–3, 353; strategic reasons for invasion, 37–41; financing of William’s invasion, 52; Protestantism, 55–6; Henrietta Maria and Princess Mary in, 72–3; admired in England, 81; courtly life and culture, 82, 85–6, 88, 90–1; art and artists, 89–90, 113–14, 118, 120–39, 142; relations with England, 112, 116, 159, 172, 205–7, 264, 319, 349–50, 357–8; Stadholdership banned to House of Orange, 118; gifts to Charles II on Restoration, 139–40, 142, 143, 144–5; marriages with English partners, 159–60; exchange of craftsmen and artists with England, 205–6; gardens and garden design, 218, 222–6, 225, 228, 231–6, 234, 236, 239, 241–2, 244–50, 252–3; land reclamation and drainage expertise, 231–3, 235–9; economic prosperity, 239; luxury goods and extravagance, 259–60; campaign against France, 263–4; scientific and medical enterprise, 264–5; overseas competition with England, 319, 326–7, 329–30, 332–3, 340; colonial settlements, 320; national character, 320; financial and banking practices, 338–41, 345, 347; proposes political union with England, 349; economic decline, 357; see also Anglo-Dutch wars; States-General; William III