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in proprietary New York, 89, 92, 103

and prostitutes, 806

in 1790s and early 1800s, 377

as women’s issue, 983-85, 1017–18. See also Abortion; Free Love; Prostitutes

Married Women’s Property Act, 982

Marshlands, 359, 579, 938, 949

Martial law: and British occupation of New York, 249

and Civil War, 892, 894-96

and draft riot, 892, 894-96

and strikes in 1874, 1036

Martinique, 121, 191

Martling’s Tavern, 322, 424

Marxism, 989, 1179

Masked balls, 955

Masonic Hall, 455, 509, 510, 530, 532, 541, 571, 574, 575

Masonic Lodges, 454

Masons, 160, 164, 379-80, 383, 385, 455, 749, 823, 1129

Mason’s Arms, 176

Maspeth, 8, 718, 751

Maspeth Avenue Plank Road, 661

Mass: celebration of, 94, 273

Massachusetts: Anabaptists in, 40

and Committee of Correspondence, 202

Continental troops from, 260

courts in, 215

dissolution of legislature in, 207

formation of new government in, 218

Gage as governor of, 215

House of Representatives in, 207

indian wars in, 37

and ratification of Constitution, 291

restrictions on legislature of, 215

settlement of, 28-29

Shay’s Rebellion in, 289

slavery in, 285. See also Boston, Massachusetts

Massachusetts Bay, 28

Massapequa, 68

Massapequa Indians, 5, 147

Materialism, 180, 378

Matinecoc Indians, 5

Mauritius River. See North River

Maxwell House, 1175

May Day, 1098, 1120

Mayflower Compact, 66

Mayor: appointment of, 92, 139-40, 353

as Board of Commissioners member, 829

and city-state relations, 836

in colonial New York, 200

compensation for, 267

and Dongan administration, 92

Dutch as, 136

in early nineteenth century, 330, 513, 520, 522

election of, 153, 269, 520, 522

and elections of 1886, 1099-1101

at fires, 362

first, 78

first Irish Catholic, 1104

functions of, 365

and Leisler, 100

in mid-nineteenth century, 823, 826, 829, 836

and “Montgomerie Charter,” 139-40

and patronage, 826

and police, 838-39

popular election of, 330

in post-revolutionary New York, 257

powers and functions of, 267, 268, 829, 835, 836, 1032

in proprietary New York, 78

and public works, 184

and resistance to British colonial policies, 200

selection of, 257, 513

in 1790s and early 1800s, 353, 362, 365

and Tammany, 823, 825

wealth of, 515. See also specific person

Mayor’s Court. See Court of Common Pleas

Meal Market, 128

Meat processing industry, 389

Mechanics: and Democratic Republicans, 320

in early nineteenth century, 314, 316, 320, 321

and literacy, 395

merchants alliance with, 320

in post-revolutionary New York, 279

and republicanism, 320

in 1790s and early 1800s, 394-95

and trade, 279

voting by, 328. See also Working class

Mechanics’ Bank, 425

Mechanics Committee, 216, 217, 218-19, 224, 230, 241, 257, 269, 280. See also Mechanics Union

Mechanic’s Fair, 525

Mechanics Hall, 414, 758, 773, 863

Mechanic’s lien, 519, 520, 522, 773

Mechanics Society. See General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen

Mechanics Union, 230, 231. See also Mechanics Committee

Medical charity, 800

Medical Society, 302, 590

Melrose, 655, 745, 746, 1054, 1055

Melrose Hall, 179, 255

Melville’s New York, 702-5

Men: attitudes about feminism of, 819

“sporting,” 538-39, 806, 816, 827, 954, 955, 1134

Menlo Park, New Jersey, 1060, 1064, 1065

Mennonites, 60, 61

Mercantile Agency, 639, 659, 940

Mercantile Exchange, 79, 85, 118

Mercantile exchanges, 969

Mercantile Library, 498, 733, 782, 972

Mercantilism, 451

Mercer Street, 363, 437, 458, 488, 506, 710, 804

Mercer Street Presbyterian Church, 777

Merchant marine, 649, 875-76. See also Seamen

Merchants: and Anglo-French relations, 116-17

and banking, 657

in Boston, 207

in Britain, 191-92, 244

and British occupation of New York, 247, 250, 252

and Burnet’s administration, 117

and Chamber of Commerce, 207, 216, 277

Chinese, 1126

and city development, 948

and Civil War, 864, 865, 865, 867, 868, 872, 873-74, 877, 885, 888, 894, 895, 896, 897, 899

and class issues, 50-51, 141, 1088

clubs