Hiroshima_ The World's Bomb - Andrew J. Rotter [230]
Pacific War 137—41, 166 pacifists 301
Pakistan 295, 298, 299, 300
Parsons, William ‘Deke’ 117, 189, 190—1, 192
Pash, Boris 79, 80
peace, Hiroshima’s promotion of 308 peace faction, Japan 182, 183, 184 peaceful nuclear explosives (PNEs) 290, 297, 298 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 97 Peierls, Rudolf 13, 38, 41, 85—6, 88, 118 Pelindaba, South Africa 290, 291 Peng Huanwu 293
Penney, William 118, 275, 277, 278, 279 Perrin, Francis 280, 281, 284, 285 physicists
Germany 69, 81—2 India 298 postwar 273, 300 refugees 36—42 Soviet Union 236—7, 243 status 234 see also scientists Physicotechnical Institute 237 physics atomic 11 big 94 deutsche 72 funding 234, 235 international status 34—5 United States 94 pika-don (flash-boom) 195 pitchblende 59 Planck, Max 33, 76 plutonium Britain 278 France 284 implosion 119 India 297 Israel 287
production 113, 114, 115, 307 Soviet Union 241, 246 United States 158 Plym, HMS 279
PNEs (peaceful nuclear explosives) 290,
297, 298 poetry 225—6
poison, radioactivity as 122, 125 poisonous gas 14—21, 174—5, :86 Pokhran test site, India 298 Poland 52
Polanyi, Michael 12 Polaris missiles 265 Pontecorvo, Bruno 280, 281—2 Portal, Sir Charles 52, 277 postwar collaboration 274—6 Potsdam Declaration 164—5 Potsdam summit 161—5 proliferation of nuclear weapons 239 protons, hydrogen 9 Public Faces (Nicholson) 56—8 ‘pumpkins’ (bombs) 188
Qian Sanqiang 293 quantum mechanics 70 Quebec Agreement 118, 154
Rabi, I.I. 83, 105, 121, 234, 255, 257
Rabin, Yitzhak 289
racism, anti-Japanese 141, 166, 168
radiation, fission 10
radiation poisoning 198, 221, 222
radioactivity
atomic bomb 122, 123—5 bomb tests 4, 161, 263 Curies 8
genetic effects 124 as poison 122, 125 terrorism 305 as weapon 125 radium 61
RAF (Royal Air Force) 46, 48, 49, 135 Ramsey, Norman 123, 234 Rasetti, Franco 34 realism 28
‘Residues of Squalor’ (Ota) 224—5 revisionists 168—9 RFC (Royal Flying Corps) 46 Riken (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) 64, 68, 179, 180, 224 rockets 264 Rontgen, WC. 8 Roosevelt, Eleanor 234 Roosevelt, Franklin D.
on Axis surrender 131, 139 bomb project 95, 98, 99, 252 on bombing of civilians 134 and Bush 94 and Byrnes 154 and Churchill 117, 118, 274
and Sachs 85 use of bomb 152 war against Japan 97 Rosenberg, Julius 239, 241 Roux, A.J.A. 290
Royal Air Force (RAF) 46, 48, 49, 135
Royal Flying Corps (RFC) 46
Rusk, Dean 297
Russ, Harlow 210
Russia see Soviet Union
Rust, Bernhard 76—7
Rutherford, Ernest
Academic Assistance Council 39
atomic structure 9, 10
Cavendish Laboratory 35
early career 7—8
First World War 11
and Haber 38
research 13
S-1 (bomb project) 94 Sachs, Alexander 84, 85 Sackur, Otto 21
Safari-I reactor (South Africa) 290 Saint-Just, E. Letellier de 229 Saipan 178-9
Sakharov, Andrei 260—1, 263 Sakomizu, Hisatsune 206 SANE (National Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy) 302 satellites 264
Sato, Naotake 182, 183, 208 Saudi Arabia 304 Schrodinger, Erwin 72 scientific community 3, 234 scientific republic 11—14, 22, 271 scientists Britain 38
chemical weapons 20 ethical obligations 27—30 Jewish 36—7, 76, 286 postwar 271 refugees 38, 95—6 republic of science 11—12, 271 Soviet Union 23—4 states 22—7
views on atomic bomb 29—30, 121, 123, 124—5, :48, 300 see also physicists
Scott, Robert, Jr. 167 Second World War Britain 52-3, 133-7 Germany 131—2, 133 —7 Japan 97, 137—45 Pacific War 137—41, 166 Soviet Union 140, 163, 181—2, 208, 218
United States 97, 133 —45 see also Hiroshima bombing; Nagasaki bombing
secrecy 272
Section-1 of the OSRD 94 Segre, Emilio 34, 35, 117 Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan 246, 262—3 Sengier, Edgar 63, 109, 112 Serber, Robert 117, 123, 221 Sharif, Nawaz 300 Shigemitsu, Mamoru 212 Shima, Kaoru 204 Shimizu (scientist) 3 5 Shinkolobwe, Belgian Congo 61 silence, experienced at Hiroshima 177, 195
Simon, Franz (later Sir Francis) 38—9, 88 SLBMs 265 Sledge, E.B. 167 Slotin, Louis 158 smart bombs 305—6 Smith, Cyril 300 Smith, Hedrick 289 Smith, Holland M. 167 Smuts, Jan 45—6 Smyth, Henry DeWolf 125, 243 Smyth Report (Atomic Energy