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6. The twenty references to meditation, from the King James version of the Bible, can be found in: Genesis 24:63, Joshua 1:8, Psalm 1:2, Psalm 5:1, Psalm 19:14, Psalm 49:3, Psalm 63:6, Psalm 77:12, Psalm 104:34, Psalm 119:15, Psalm 119:23, Psalm 119:48, Psalm 119:78, Psalm 119:97, Psalm 119:99, Psalm 119:148, Psalm 143:5, Isaiah 33:18, Luke 21:14, and 1 Timothy 4:15.
7. For a comprehensive overview of Christian meditative practices, see the online Catholic Encyclopedia: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/index.html.
8. The author of this Christian mystical text is unknown, although it has been attributed to an English cloistered monk living in the fourteenth century. The excerpt cited here is from Evelyn Underwood's adaptation, A Book of Contemplation Which Is Called the Cloud of Unknowing, In Which a Soul is One with God, edited from a British Museum manuscript and published by John M. Watkins in 1922.
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10. For a complete history and description of the Centering Prayer, see http://www.centeringprayer.com.
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12. For a complete description of the similarities, see Newberg, A.; Waldman, M. Born to Believe. The Free Press, 2007.
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15. Newberg A, Waldman M. Born to Believe. The Free Press, 2007.
16. V. S. Ramachandran and Michael Persinger are the two leading researchers who argue that religious and paranormal experiences might be related to temporal lobe dysfunction, but only a few rare examples have been found. The majority of people who have religious experiences show no signs of neural dysfunction. See: Persinger MA, Valliant PM. Temporal lobe signs and reports of subjective paranormal experiences in a normal population: a replication. Percept Mot Skills 1985;60(3): 903–9; and Ramachandran VS, Blakeslee S. Phantoms in the Brain. New York: William Morrow, 1998.
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18. Hölzel BK, Ott U, Hempel H, Hackl A, Wolf K, Stark R, Vaitl D. Differential engagement of anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex in adept meditators and non-meditators. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Jun 21;421(1):16–21.
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