Jihad vs. McWorld - Benjamin R. Barber [174]
29. IRAN FIGHTS NEW FOE: WESTERN TELEVISION and FOR CLERICS, SATELLITES CARRYING MTV ARE DEADLIER THAN GUNS, scream Wall Street Journal headlines; The Wall Street Journal, August 8, 1994, above an article by Peter Waldman citing an Iranian cleric who complains that satellite dishes spread “the family-devastating diseases of the West,” p. A 10.
30. Jon Pareles, “Striving to Become Rock’s Next Seattle,” The New York Times, July 17, 1994, Section 2, p. I.
31. Of McDonald’s nearly 15,000 restaurants, nearly forty-five hundred, or one-third, are abroad; there are over one thousand in Japan alone. Gary Hoover, Hoover’s Handbook of American Business (Austin: Reference Press, 1994), pp. 746–747.
32. Jack Lang, the culture minister of the socialist government deposed in 1993, was especially ambivalent, personally leading the campaign on “franglais” and its mangling of authentic French and calling for legislation to protect the French language (passed under the successor conservative government) as well as the fight to protect the French film industry against Hollywood in the GATT round, yet also proclaiming his affection for Americans and their culture.
33. National Public Radio, All Things Considered, December 2, 1993, from the broadcast transcription.
34. Slavenka Drakulic, “Love Story: A True Tale from Sarajevo,” The New Republic, October 26, 1993, pp. 14–16.
35. There is also a Michael Jackson babushka that gradually turns into a panther and a chimpanzee.
PART I. THE NEW WORLD OF MCWORLD
Chapter 1. The Old Economy and the Birth of a New McWorld
1. He adds: “We decided not to tailor products to any marketplace, but to treat all marketplaces the same.” Cited in Louis Uchitelle, “Gillette’s World View: One Blade Fits All,” The New York Times, January 3, 1994, p. C 3.
2. The population of Greece is about 10 million, of Ireland 3.5, and of Switzerland 6.5 million. McDonald’s currently has nearly 15,000 restaurants in over seventy countries, and earns 45 percent of its profits outside the United States. Andrew E. Serwer, “McDonald’s Conquers the World,” Fortune, October 17, 1994, pp. 101–116.
3. GM employed 775,000 in 1989, down from a high of 876,000 in 1986. Its workforce today is still in the 700,000 range even after the cost-cutting job cutbacks of recent years.
4. Government expenditures from the latest available figures (1985–88) were, for Senegal, $686 million, for Uganda, $327 million, for Bolivia $619 million, and for Iceland $867 million, for a total of 2.5 billion. The Economist Book of Vital World Statistics (New York: Times Books, 1990), p. 136. Domino’s figures are from Gary Hoover, Hoover’s Handbook of American Business (Austin: Reference Press, 1994), p. 243. Portugal’s government expenditures were $17.4 billion and Indonesia’s were $17.2 billion.
5. For 1985–88, Argentina’s spending averaged $27.5 billion; Vital World Statistics, p. 137.
6. Reebok, 1992 Annual Report. With international headquarters in Bolton, England, selling shoes manufactured in six Asian countries including Thailand, China, and the Philippines and sold in 140 countries around the globe, this formerly British company is only as American as its U.S. shoe sales make it in any given year (just $1.3 billion of over $3 billion in global sales in 1992).
7. The engine and drive trains are still Japanese. The same trends are visible throughout the industry: in 1993, the Japanese car-maker Honda reported that where its first-generation 1977 model Accord (made in Marysville, Ohio) had no American parts, the 1982 model already was 50 percent American while the new fifth-generation Accord currently in production will have more than 80 percent American parts. Doron P. Levin, “Honda Star Gets Another Sequel,” The New York