Jihad vs. McWorld - Benjamin R. Barber [198]
29. According to the Federal Office for Protection of the Constitution. Ferdinand Protzman, “German Attacks Rise as Foreigners Become Scapegoats,” The New York Times, November 2, 1992, p. A 1.
30. Ibid.
31. In 1991, for example, there were about 44,000 marriages between a German and a foreigner (not quite 10 percent of the total number of marriages), including 3,500 between Turkish men and German women and 880 between German men and Turkish women. The Week in Germany, January 29, 1994.
32. Der Spiegel, October 26, 1992.
33. “The nightmare of the new Germany is that its teenage gangs talk politics,” writes Ignatieff, Blood and Belonging, p. 84.
34. The antiforeign climate “contradicts the Olympic spirit, since in the Olympic village everyone is a ‘foreigner,’” worries a key player in Stephen Kinzer, “German Violence Worries Investors,” The New York Times, January 1, 1993, p. A 3.
Chapter 12. China and the Not Necessarily Democratic Pacific Rim
1. Milton Friedman in Capitalism and Freedom (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982) or Jeffrey Sachs in Poland’s Jump to the Market Economy, based on the Lionel Robbins Memorial lectures delivered at the school of economics, January 1991 (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1993).
2. Cited by Nicholas D. Kristof, “China Sees ‘Market-Leninism’ a Way to Future,” The New York Times, September 6, 1991, p. I. Also see Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn, China Wakes: The Struggle for the Soul of a Rising Power (New York: Times Books, 1994) for a pointed if at times overly harsh and cynical treatment of China today.
3. On the economic “miracle” in the “awakening dragon” of China, see William H. Overholt, The Rise of China: How Economic Reform Is Creating a New Superpower (New York: Norton, 1994). Overholt is among those who actually think authoritarianism in China, as in Taiwan and Singapore, is good for economic development since it frees the government from the need to kowtow to public opinion or interest groups. Overholt reports that “China’s Guangdong Province has become second only to the United States as a market for Procter & Gamble shampoos” and is Motorola’s “No. 2 market in the world for second generation cordless phones.” A similarly naïve enthusiasm is found in many journalists; see for example Joe Klein’s “Why China Does It Better,” Newsweek, April 12, 1993, p. 23.
4. Perry Link, “The Old Man’s New China,” The New York Review of Books, June 9, 1994, p. 31–36.
5. Remarkable proof of the impotence of sovereign states in the face of McWorld’s markets is offered by Link, who writes: “It is reliably reported that representatives of ten major US corporations, in a meeting with Chinese economic czar Zhu Rongji in Beijing early this year, actually urged Zhu to take a tough line with Clinton on MFN.” Official American policy falls not to Chinese obstinacy but to unofficial American corporate meddling. Link, “Old Man’s New China,” p. 34.
6. Cited by Nicholas D. Kristof, “Chinese Communism’s Secret Aim: Capitalism,” The New York Times, October 19, 1992, p. A 6.
7. The Chinese economic miracle, with a growth rate over 18 percent, is increasing social inequalities and income maldistribution: a meal served to a table of friends at a fancy restaurant can cost ten times the annual wage of most workers.
8. Nicholas D. Kristof, “China Sees ‘Market-Leninism’ a Way to Future,” The New York Times, September 6, 1991, p. 1.
9. The difficult position of artists in post-1989 China is described, and artwork displayed, by Andrew Solomon, “Their Irony, Humor (and Art) Can Save China,” The New York Times Magazine, December 19, 1993, pp. 42–51.
10. Cited by Suzy Menkes, “Yuppie Shanghai Shows an Old Flair,” International Herald Tribune, May 25, 1993.
11. Cited by Jianying Zha, “China Goes Pop: Mao Meets Muzak,” The Nation, March 21, 1994, pp. 373–376.
12. Nicholas D. Kristof,