Kim (Barnes & Noble Classics Series) - Rudyard Kipling [2]
1837-1838 Oliver Twist, byCharles Dickens, is published; the title Character is generally considered the first child hero in the British novel.
1857-1858 The Indian Mutiny takes place, a bird for independence fron British East India Company,incorporated in 1600 to exploit trade,has long since evolved into an agent of British imperialism. The rebelion results in the company’s dissolution, and in 1858 the British government assumes direct rule of India, ending the Mohgul Empire and begins the British Raj. The British Empire expands to the Mediterranean eand the Persian Gulf in the west and to the Malay states, Hong Kong, and Shanghai in the east.
1859 Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection appears, the work has a profound influence on popular views of the natural world.
1865 Joseph Rudyard Kipling is born on December 30 in Bombay, India, to John Lockwood Kipling, a professor of architectural sculpture at the Bombay school of Art, and Alice Macdonald Kipling, an in- law of the pre-Raphaelite painter Sir Edward Brune-Jones. Lewis Carroll Publishes Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.
1868 In March the Kipling family arrives in England, where Rudyard,s sister, Alice, is born. Shortly thereafter the Kiplings return to India. Louisa May Alcott Publishes Little Women.
1869 Matthew Arnold publishes his influential text Culture and Anarchy, which warns that anarchy results form worshipping freedom as an end in itself
1870 Rudyard’s brother, John, is born but dies in infancy.
1871 The family sails again for England, where Rudyard and Alice are placed in foster care with the Holloway family at a house in Southsea that the Kipling later calledʻʻThe House of Desolationʼʼ; their parents return to India. Rudyard’s subjection to physical and emotion abuse in the foster home leaves him scarred.
1876 Mrs. Kipling returns to England and discovers the mistreatment of her children. She removes Rudyard from the Holloway home. Queen Elisabeth is declared Empress of India.
1878 Kipling enters the United Services College, a private boarding school where he develops a love of literature.
1881 Kipling’s Schoolboy Lyrics is published. the Boers, white farmers of Dutch decent in South Africa, revolt against the Empire continues to expand on the African continent.
1882 Kipling leaves the college and returns to Lahore, India, where he takes a job as assistant editor of the Civil and Military Gazette. For the next seven years, he writes about Anglo-Indian relations and the problem arising out of the British colonialism.
1884 Mark Twain publishes Huckleberry Finn.
1885 Kipling becomes a Freemason, a member of a secret fraternal order officially known as the Free and accepted Masons.
1886 He writes numerous stories for the Gazette and publishes Departmental Ditties , a collection of satirical poems about the english in India originally written for the paper.
1887 He leaves the Gazette and heads for Allahabad, where he begins work as editor of a larger paper, the Pioneer, a sister publication of the Gazette
1888 Kipling publishes Plain Tales from the Hills, a collection of stories about colonial life in India, and his six-volume Indian Railway Library series: Soldiers Three, The Story of the Gadsbys, In Black and White, Under the Deodars, The Phantom Rickshaw, and Wee Willie Winkie.
1889 He leaves India with a commissionn from the Pioneer to write travel articles about his journey to England via Burma, Malaya, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, and America (later collecred in From Sea to Sea, published in 1899). He settles in London and develops a reputation as a brilliant writer. The reissue in England of his India Railway Library series originally published in India in 1888, furthur elevates his status as a writer.
1890 In January Kipling suffers a nervous breakdown. His first