Living My Life - Emma Goldman [321]
2 Mitchell Palmer (1872-1936): U.S. attorney general and congress-man. As attorney general in 1919, Palmer mounted an attack against political radicals in the United States, rounding up anarchists and Communists, arresting thousands of immigrant aliens whose political work was mostly social and educational.
3 Federal deportation mania: The Immigration Act of 1917 made any alien political radical deportable, no matter how nonviolent his speech or practice.
CHAPTER LI
1 Robert “Bob” Minor (1884-1952): a prominent American cartoonist whose work was an important influence on a generation of political artists. Minor impressed EG as “an artist and a socialist” (see LML, 1970, 477). Imprisoned under the Espionage Act for his antiwar cartoons, Minor continued his cartoon propaganda from the Western front in Europe. Later as the Southern editor of the Communist Daily Worker, he was active in the black civil rights movement.
2 Morris Becker: Arrested at a peace meeting in Madison Square Garden, he was charged with conspiracy to resist the Conscription Law (see LML, 1970, 603).
3 Mikhail Kalinin (1875-1946): formal head of the Soviet state 1919-46.
4 Frank Harris (1856-1931): journalist and author who wrote a sensational autobiography, My Life and Loves (1922). Alexander Harvey (1868-1949): publisher and literary editor.
CHAPTER LII
1 S. S. “Zorin” Gomberg (1890-1937): secretary of the Petrograd section of Communist Party.
2 Anton Denikin (1872-1947), Alexander Kolchak (1873-1920), and Nikolai Yudenich (1862-1933): military leaders in the counterrevolution against the Bolsheviks during the civil war (1918-20).
3 William “Bill” Shatoff: friend and anarchist comrade who had been active in America organizing the return of mostly Russian anarchists to Russia after the 1917 Bolshevik revolution. Lenin appointed him commissar of railroads (see LML, 1970, 595).
4 Grigori Zinoviev (1883-1936): Jewish Russian revolutionary and Soviet politician and orator who served the Russian Communist Party in several positions. He was chairman of the Petrograd Soviet while EG was in Russia. Ellipses in the remainder of paragraph are EG’s, not the editor’s.
5 The All-Russian Extraordinary Commisson for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage (the Veh Cheka) was a Soviet police organization intended after its establishment in 1917 to carry out investigative functions. Instead, the organization through its local branches (Cheka) were given greater powers by Lenin to combat counterrevolution, such as holding summary trials and executing sentences, including the death sentence.
6 Boris Savinkov (1879-1925): Russian revolutionary who joined forces with opposition to the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution.
7 Menshevik: after a division in the Russian Socialist Democratic Party, the group favoring a more evolutionary change, in opposition to the Bolsheviks.
8 George Lansbury (1859-1940): journalist, British Labour Party politician, and socialist historian. The founder of the Daily Herald, he was editor during 1919-1923.
9 Maxim Gorki (born Alexei Maximovitch Peshkov) (1868-1936): Russian short-story writer, novelist, autobiographer, and essayist. He was a spokesperson for writers during the Stalinist period and formulator of Socialist Realism school of Soviet literature.
10 John Reed (1887-1920): journalist and political radical who established his reputation as a writer and activist in dispatches written from Mexico about the revolutionary Pancho Villa. An eyewitness observer of the events in Russia, John Reed achieved international prominence with his Ten Days That Shook the World (1919), considered the best reporting of the Bolshevik revolution. Reed worked in the Soviet bureau of propaganda and died in Moscow of typhus. Honored by the Soviets, he