Malcolm X_ A Life of Reinvention - Manning Marable [323]
38 “in other words, keep him in his place.” Ibid., p. 39.
38 “Why don’t you plan on carpentry?” Collins, Seventh Child, pp. 209-10.
38 “could you pay all your bills? Let me know real soon.” Ibid.
Chapter 2: The Legend of Detroit Red
39 promptly walked out, never to return to a classroom. DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 54.
39 refusal to be dominated, led to divorce in 1934. Collins, Seventh Child, pp. 51-52.
39 as Ella scrambled to assist her relatives. Ibid., pp. 50-51.
40 “could be considered a dangerous individual.” FBI—Ella X Collins, Memo, Elvin V. Semrad, M.D., to Daniel Lynch, Clerk, Boston Municipal Court, June 9, 1960.
40 and the two became involved. Collins, Seventh Child, pp. 60-61.
41 Boston was multiethnic and expanding. Violet Showers Johnson, The Other Black Bostonians: West Indians in Boston, 1900-1950 (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana State University Press, 2006), pp. 38, 84.
41 extended family living in greater Boston. Collins, Seventh Child, pp. 42-43.
41 seek out better housing in places like the Hill. Johnson, The Other Black Bostonians, pp. 36-37, 121-22.
42 time as a “destructive detour” in an otherwise purpose-driven life. See Robin D. G. Kelley, “The Riddle of the Zoot: Malcolm Little and Black Cultural Politics During World War II,” in Joe Wood, ed., Malcolm X: In Our Own Image (New York: St. Martin’s, 1992), pp. 155—82.
42 Shorty immediately dubbed his new friend “Homeboy.” Malcolm X and Haley, Autobiography , pp. 45-47.
43 “in the Boston street life and nightclub scene.” Collins, Seventh Child, p. 42.
43 well informed whether pointing out gamblers or pimps. Malcolm X and Haley, Autobiography , pp. 45-47.
43 redistributing the remainder as daily winnings. See Jessa Drucker, “Numbers,” in Jackson, ed., Encyclopedia of New York City, p. 856.
43 “Stomping at the Savoy,” were crafted for the Lindy Hop. The Lindy Hop dance began in the late 1920s and was the most popular swing dance for two decades. Its name derived from famous aviator Charles Lindbergh, following his 1927 solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean. See Marshall and Jean Stearns, Jazz Dance: The Story of American Vernacular Dance, second revised edition (New York: Da Capo, 1994); and L. F. Emery, Black Dance in the U.S. from 1619 to 1970 (Palo Alto: National Press Books, 1972).
43 watch the dancers go through their paces. Malcolm X and Haley, Autobiography, pp. 52-53.
44 docile yet loyal, obese and hardworking. See “Motion Pictures,” in Augustus Low and Virgil A. Cliff, eds., Encyclopedia of Black America (New York: Da Capo, 1984), pp. 277-79.
44 Nellie LaFleur, the numbers queen. Ibid., p. 277.
44 the Fair Employment Practices Committee. “Labor Unions” and “A. Philip Randolph,” in ibid., pp. 493, 727.
44 latest gossip at Mason High School. Christine Hoyt to Malcolm Little, February 7, 1941, in “Malcolm X Collection, 1941-1955,” Manuscript Collection No. 827, Robert W. Woodruff Library (RWL) Special Collections Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
44 some former sweethearts also kept in touch. Peter Hawryleiw to Malcolm Little, March 2, 1941, ibid.
44 to write more clearly in the future. Philbert Little to Malcolm Little, March 6, 1941, ibid.
45 relationships with several Lansing girls. Reginald Little to Malcolm Little, March 22, 1941, ibid.
45 his first colorful “zoot suit” on credit. Malcolm X and Haley, Autobiography, p. 54.
45 “after a lifetime of kinks, is staggering.” Ibid., pp. 55-56.
45 life as the ultimate act of self-debasement. Ibid., pp. 56-57.
45 wavy-haired Latinos, whom blacks sought to emulate. DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 55.
45 to declare the wearing of a zoot suit a misdemeanor. Kelley, “The Riddle of the Zoot,” pp. 159-60. Also see Chester B. Himes, “Zoot Riots Are Race Riots,” Crisis, vol. 50 (July 1943), pp. 200-201.
45 place in Baltimore, Detroit, San Diego, and New York City. See Eric Lott, “Double V, Double-Time: Bebop’s Politics of Style,” Callaloo, no. 36 (Summer 1988), pp. 597-605;