Malcolm X_ A Life of Reinvention - Manning Marable [340]
165 “lifting their voices to Allah five times a day.” DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 135.
165 “Believers in Allah recognize no such thing as race.” Yusuf Ibrahim, Letter to the Editor, Pittsburgh Courier, March 1, 1958.
165 “all of them, though the polytheists may be adverse.” Elijah Muhammad, Message to the Blackman in America, front cover.
165 Egypt’s president, Gamal Abdel Nasser. “Mister Muhammad’s Message to African-Asian Conference,” Pittsburgh Courier, January 18, 1958.
166 scheduled from June 9 to June 16. MX FBI, Memo, Washington Office, July 27, 1959; and MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, November 17, 1959, pp. 31-32.
166 he continued carrying out his duties throughout June. MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, November 17, 1959, pp. 8, 21; and MX FBI, Correlation Summary, New York Office, August 22, 1961, p. 22.
166 religious leaders at Al-Azhar University. DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 139.
166 “all mortals are equal and brothers.” “Arabs Send Warm Greetings to ‘Our Brothers’ of Color in U.S.A.,ʺ Pittsburgh Courier, August 15, 1959.
167 “are destined to play a key role.” Ibid.
167 “for administrative jim-crow in the United States.” Ibid.
168 and by African-American newspapers. MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, November 17, 1959, p. 33.
168 “and robbed of his name and wisdom.” Ibid., p. 23.
168 made umrah, a spiritually motivated visit. DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 168.
169 Muhammad arrived back home on January 6, 1960. “Muhammad Speaks,” Los Angeles Herald Tribune, January 14, 1960.
169 in keeping with orthodox Islam. DeCaro, On the Side of My People, p. 23.
169 “that he would make such charges.” MX FBI, Memo, New York Office, March 18, 1960.
170 “and their own teachings are filled with it.” Ibid.
170 exchange went on for more than two hours. See “Defends Muslim Leader at Meet,ʺ Chicago Defender, March 15, 1960.
170 black leader who so sharply opposed its policies. Ibid.
170 in the streets and along the sidewalks. See FBI—Leon 4X Phillips (also known as Leon Ameer) file, Summary Report, New York Office, January 1962; and “Malcolm X on ‘Unity,’ ” in Lomax, When the Word Is Given, pp. 128-35. This speech is reproduced in John Bracey, Jr., August Meier, and Elliott Rudwick, eds., Black Nationalism in America (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1970), pp. 413-20. A typed manuscript of Malcolm’s speech is located in MXC-S, box 5, folder 1.
170 “but have as yet not received.” Lomax, When the Word Is Given, p. 129.
171 significant increase in BOSSʹs surveillance. Memorandum, BOSS Detective Ernest B. Latty to the Commanding Officer, May 30, 1960, BOSS.
171 himself to Mosque No. 7 at all hours. Ibid., pp. 4-12.
171 “Elijah Muhammad was a messenger of God.” Louis Farrakhan interview, December 27, 2007.
171 Malcolm might run for public office. MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, November 17, 1960, pp. 17-18.
171 selling records featuring “A White Man’s Heaven Is a Black Man’s Hell.” See Yale Daily News (New Haven), October 21, 1960; MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, November 17, 1960, pp. 22-23; and MX FBI, Summary Report, New York Office, May 17, 1961, p. 17.
172 “We are used to sleeping in the open air.” Max Frankel, “Angry Castro Quits Hotel in Row Over Bill; Moves to Harlem,” New York Times, September 20, 1960; “Castro Moves Out of Hotel in Huff, Takes His Party to One in Harlem,” Washington Post, September 20, 1960; and Jules Du Bois, “Irate Castro Moves to Harlem Hotel,” Chicago Tribune, September 20, 1960.
172 “much propaganda as possible out of his move.” Mel Opotowsky, “Castro Settles Down in Harlem, Paying Double, Minding Manners,” Washington Post, September 21, 1960; and Philip Benjamin, “Theresa Hotel on 125th St. Is Unruffled by Its Cuban Guests,” New York Times, September 21, 1960.
172 “He knows what’s hip and bugs the squares.” “Nikita Visits Castro in Harlem,” Chicago Defender, September 21, 1960; Harrison E. Salisbury, “Russian Goes to Harlem, Then Hugs Cuban at U.N.,ʺ New York Times,