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: a gift of public money to a private person or company or to another government

Synonyms

allocation, allotment, appropriation, grant—more at APPROPRIATION

sub·sist verb 1 : to have existence; also : to continue to exist

2 : to have the means (as food and clothing) of maintaining life; especially : to nourish oneself

Synonyms

be, breathe, exist, live—more at BE

sub·sis·tence noun 1 : real being : EXISTENCE; also : the condition of remaining in existence : PERSISTENCE

2 : means of subsisting : the minimum (as of food and clothing) necessary to support life

Synonyms

actuality, existence, reality—more at EXISTENCE

continuation, duration, endurance, persistence—more at CONTINUATION

sub·son·ic adjective : being or relating to a speed less than that of sound; also : moving at such a speed

sub·species noun : a subdivision of a species; especially : a category in biological classification ranking just below a species that designates a geographic population genetically distinct from other such populations and potentially able to breed with them where its range overlaps theirs

sub·stance noun 1 : essential nature : ESSENCE ; also : the fundamental or essential part or quality

2 : physical material from which something is made or which has discrete existence; also : matter of particular or definite chemical constitution

3 : material possessions : WEALTH

4 : something (as drugs or alcohol) deemed harmful and usu. subject to legal restriction <~ abuse>

Synonyms

[1] essence, nature, quintessence, soul, stuff—more at ESSENCE

[2] being, entity, individual, object, thing—more at ENTITY

[2] material, raw material, stuff

[3] assets, capital, fortune, means, opulence, riches, wealth, wherewithal—more at WEALTH

substance abuse noun : excessive use of a drug (as alcohol or cocaine) : use of a drug without medical justification

sub·stan·dard adjective : falling short of a standard or norm

Synonyms

bad, deficient, inferior, lousy, off, poor, punk, rotten, unacceptable, unsatisfactory, wanting, wretched, wrong—more at BAD

sub·stan·tial adjective 1 : existing as or in substance : MATERIAL; also : not illusory : REAL

2 : marked by or indicative of significant worth or consequence : IMPORTANT

3 : NOURISHING, SATISFYING <~ meal>

4 : having means : WELL-TO-DO

5 : large in extent or degree : CONSIDERABLE <~ profit>

6 : STRONG, FIRM

— sub·stan·tial·ly adverb

Synonyms

[1] concrete, material, physical, real—more at MATERIAL

[2] big, consequential, eventful, important, major, material, meaningful, momentous, significant, weighty—more at IMPORTANT

[5] considerable, good, goodly, healthy, respectable, significant, sizable, tidy—more at CONSIDERABLE

sub·stan·ti·ate verb -at·ed; -at·ing 1 : to give substance or body to

2 : to establish by proof or competent evidence

Synonyms

[1] embody, epitomize, manifest, materialize, personify—more at EMBODY

[2] bear out, confirm, corroborate, prove, support, validate, verify, vindicate—more at CONFIRM

sub·stan·ti·a·tion noun : something offered as proof

Synonyms

attestation, confirmation, corroboration, documentation, evidence, proof, testament, testimony, validation, witness—more at PROOF

1substantive noun : NOUN; also : a word or phrase used as a noun

2substantive adjective : having substance : REAL

1substitute noun : a person or thing replacing another

Synonyms

backup, pinch hitter, relief, replacement, reserve, stand-in, sub; also alternate, understudy; apology, makeshift, stopgap; agent, attorney, commissary, delegate, deputy, envoy, factor, procurator, proxy, representative, surrogate; assistant, second

2substitute verb -tut·ed; -tut·ing 1 : to put or use in the place of another

2 : to serve as a substitute

— sub·sti·tu·tion noun

Synonyms

[1] change, commute, exchange, shift, swap, switch, trade—more at CHANGE

[2] cover, fill in, pinch-hit,