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themselves to the belief that thimerserol is the agent responsible for their children’s autism, they have rejected the conclusions of this research and statements in favor of vaccination from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration, the Institute of Medicine, the World Health Organization, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Interestingly, as the Wikipedia entry points out, public resistance to vaccination programs began in 1853 and has remained active ever since, the thimerserol controversy simply being the latest addition.

20 Dana and Loewenstein, “A Social Science Perspective on Gifts to Physicians from Industry,” note 11.

21 Robert B. Cialdini (1984/1993), Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion (rev. ed.). New York: William Morrow.

22 Carl Elliott (2006, April), “The Drug Pushers,” The Atlantic Monthly, pp. 82–93. Quote by his brother on p. 91.

23 Carl Elliott (2001, September 24), “Pharma Buys a Conscience,” The American Prospect, 12, archived as www.prospect.org/print/V12/17/elliott-c.html.

24 C. Neil Macrae, Alan B. Milne, and Galen V. Bodenhausen (1994), “Stereotypes as Energy-Saving Devices: A Peek Inside the Cognitive Toolbox,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, pp. 37–47.

25 Marilynn B. Brewer (1993), “Social Identity, Distinctiveness, and In-Group Homogeneity,” Social Cognition, 11, pp. 150–164.

26 Charles W. Perdue, John F. Dovidio, Michael B. Gurtman, and Richard B. Tyler (1990), “Us and Them: Social Categorization and the Process of Inter-group Bias,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, pp. 475–486.

27 Henri Tajfel, M. G. Billig, R. P. Bundy, and Claude Flament (1971), “Social categorization and intergroup behavior,” European Journal of Social Psychology, 1, pp. 149–178.

28 Nick Haslam, Paul Bain, Lauren Douge, Max Lee, and Brock Bastian (2005), “More Human Than You: Attributing Humanness to Self and Others,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, pp. 937–950.

29 Gordon Allport (1954/1979), The Nature of Prejudice. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, pp. 13–14.

30 Jeffrey W. Sherman, Steven J. Stroessner, Frederica R. Conrey, and Omar A. Azam (2005), “Prejudice and Stereotype Maintenance Processes: Attention, Attribution, and Individuation,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, pp. 607–622.

31 Christian S. Crandall and Amy Eshelman (2003), “A Justification-Suppression Model of the Expression and Experience of Prejudice,” Psychological Bulletin, 129, pp. 414–446, quote, p. 425. See also Benoît Monin and Dale T. Miller (2001), “Moral Credentials and the Expression of Prejudice,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, pp. 33–43. In their experiments, when people felt that their moral credentials as unprejudiced individuals were not in dispute—when they had been given a chance to disagree with blatantly sexist statements—they felt more justified in their subsequent vote to hire a man for a stereotypically male job.

32 For the interracial experiment, see Ronald W. Rogers and Steven Prentice-Dunn (1981), “Deindividuation and Anger-Mediated Interracial Aggression: Unmasking Regressive Racism,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, pp. 63–73. For the English- and French-speaking Canadians, see James R. Meindl and Melvin J. Lerner (1985), “Exacerbation of Extreme Responses to an Out-Group,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, pp. 71–84. On the studies of behavior toward Jews and gay men, see Steven Fein and Steven J. Spencer (1997), “Prejudice as Self-Image Maintenance: Affirming the Self through Derogating Others,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, pp. 31–44.

33 Paul Jacobs, Saul Landau, and Eve Pell (1971), To Serve the Devil (Vol. 2: Colonials and Sojourners). New York: Vintage Books. Quote by Charles Crocker, p. 81.

34 Albert Speer (1970), Inside the Third Reich: Memoirs. New York: Simon & Schuster, p. 291.

35 Doris Kearns Goodwin (2005), Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln. New York: Simon & Schuster.

36 Jeb Stuart Magruder (1974),