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CHAPTER 3: PARIS

1. National Archives of Canada, Biggar Papers, letter of 14.1.19; Shotwell, pp. 112, 115.

2. House, Intimate Papers, vol. 4, pp. 218–19; FRUS, vol. 1, pp. 119–23; Ministère de la Défense, Clemenceau Papers, 6N72, Conférence de la Paix, Pichon to Jusserand, 7.11.18; D. Lloyd George, Truth About the Peace Treaties, vol. 1, pp. 147–48; Yale University Library, Wiseman Papers, series I, 7/178, Peace Conference diary, 19.1.19.

3. Williams, p. 246; Watson, p. 220.

4. Kleine-Ahlbrandt, p. 39.

5. Aldcroft, Versailles to Wall Street, pp. 13–19.

6. Nevakivi, p. 109; Laroche, pp. 58–60; Keylor, “Versailles and International Diplomacy,” p. 483, n. 41; Guiral, p. 309.

7. Mordacq, Le ministère Clemenceau, vol. 3, p. 118; Riddell, Intimate Diary, p. 20; Yale University Library, House diary, 28.4.19; Orlando, p. 369.

8. F. Stevenson, p. 286.

9. Williams, p. 28.

10. Ibid., pp. 16, 280–82.

11. Ibid., p. 278.

12. Watson, p. 136; F. Stevenson, p. 212; D. Lloyd George, War Memoirs, vol. 5, p. 2675.

13. Williams, pp. 249, 254–55.

14. D. Lloyd George, War Memoirs, vol. 5, p. 2681; Williams, pp. 72–74, 165; Mordacq, Le ministère Clemenceau, vol. 2, p. 343, vol. 3, p. 5.

15. Trachtenberg, Reparation in World Politics, p. 30; Mordacq, Le ministère Clemenceau, vol. 3, p. 206; P. Mantoux, vol. 2, p. 274; Watson, pp. 338–39; Ministère des Affaires Etrangères, Série à Paix, 60 (Conditions de la Paix), notes préliminaires sur la réorganisation de l’Allemagne, 27.10.17.

16. Churchill College, Hankey Papers, 4/11, Hankey to Esher, 10.2.19; Headlam-Morley, p. 102; Library of Congress, Beer Collection, diary, 1.3.19; Yale University Library, House diary, 24.1.19.

17. Riddell, Intimate Diary, p. 20.

18. Mordacq, Le ministère Clemenceau, vol. 3, p. 106; Watson, pp. 278–79, 341; Williams, pp. 203–4; PWW, vol. 57, p. 513; F. Lloyd George, p. 155.

19. Hardinge, p. 242; F. Stevenson, p. 192; Nitti, p. 95.

20. Repington, p. 389; Williams, p. 286; Keiger, pp. 92, 98, 210, 223; Adamthwaite, p. 8; Hughes, Policies and Potentates, pp. 223–27; Watson, pp. 250–58.

21. Keiger, pp. 234–36, 246–47, 251–52, 255, 256–59.

22. Mordacq, Le ministère Clemenceau, vol. 3, p. 191; Duroselle, pp. 721–28.

CHAPTER 4: LLOYD GEORGE AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE DELEGATION

1. Watson, p. 226; D. Lloyd George, War Memoirs, vol. 5, pp. 2678–79, 2686; Mordacq, Clemenceau au soir de sa vie, vol. 1, pp. 256–57.

2. Rowland, p. 419; Cecil, Great Experiment, p. 67.

3. Grigg, Young Lloyd George, pp. 100–2.

4. Grigg, From Peace to War, p. 225; Churchill, Aftermath, pp. 4–5.

5. Grigg, Young Lloyd George, pp. 210–12.

6. Harrod, p. 257.

7. Grigg, Young Lloyd George, p. 67.

8. Ibid., pp. 33–36.

9. Grigg, The People’s Champion, p. 338; Harrod, p. 240.

10. Grigg, The People’s Champion, p. 77.

11. Ibid., p. 358.

12. Ibid., p. 125, n. 3.

13. Ministère des Affaires Etrangères, Europe, 1918–1929, EU18–40, Grande Bretagne, vol. 7, Les comptes-courants, 1.3.23; PWW, vol. 58, p. 103; Grigg, The People’s Champion, pp. 327–30.

14. Grigg, From Peace to War, pp. 212, 478; Dugdale, pp. 131–33.

15. Beaverbrook, p. 303; Grigg, From Peace to War, p. 477.

16. Dockrill and Steiner, pp. 55–86; Dugdale, p. 199.

17. Fry, vol. 1, pp. 246–48, 255; Amery, vol. 1, p. 240; Vansittart, p. 248; Grigg, From Peace to War, p. 420.

18. Dockrill and Steiner, p. 77.

19. Riddell, Intimate Diary, p. 42.

20. Grigg, Young Lloyd George, pp. 212, 285, 296–97.

21. D. Lloyd George, War Memoirs, vol. 4, pp. 1731–32.

22. Cook, p. 385; MacMillan, pp. 67–69, 72–73; Fitzhardinge, The Little Digger, vol. 2, pp. 91–94, 300; D. Lloyd George, War Memoirs, vol. 4, p. 1744.

23. Fitzhardinge, Little Digger, vol. 2, p. 354; House of Lords Record Office, Lloyd George Papers, F/28/2/9; Roskill, vol. 2, pp. 29–30; R. C. Brown, vol. 2, p. 152.

24. FRUS, vol. 1, pp. 482–86, 531–33; Public Record Office, CAB29/28, British empire delegation minutes, 1 (13.1.19).

25. Zimmern, p. 30; Hunter Miller, Drafting of the Covenant, vol. 1, 490; House