Pox_ An American History - Michael Willrich [233]
5 “Retirement of Dr. Samuel H. Durgin from the Boston Board of Health,” AJPH, 2 (May 1912): 384–95; C. V. Chapin, “Doctor Samuel H. Durgin,” ibid., 357–58. “Vaccination Is the Curse.”
6 “Pfeiffer Yet Alive,” BG, Feb. 10, 1902, 1. “Wonderful, But True,” advertisement, ibid., Jul. 22, 1900, 22. “His Long Fast Broken,” ibid., Mar. 27, 1900, 6. “Dr. Pfeiffer Protests,” ibid., Apr. 29, 1901, 8. “Dr. Pfeiffer Has Smallpox,” ibid., Feb. 9, 1902, 1. “In the Interest of Science, Boston Physician Fasts a Month,” SFC, Aug. 24, 1901, 6. Pfeiffer’s interest in free speech made him known to the radical Emma Goldman, who nursed him in 1904, when he was stricken with pneumonia. Emma Goldman to Alexander Berkman, Jan. 18, 1904, in Emma Goldman: A Documentary History of the American Years: Making Speech Free, 1902–1909, ed. Candace Falk (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008), vol. 2: 129. On Our Home Rights, see “Exchanges,” Metaphysical Magazine, Jan. 1902, 77–78. Tenth Census of the United States (1880): Schedule 1—Population: Franklin, Gloucester, New Jersey, Enumeration District No. 92.
7 “Its Big Benefits,” BG, Dec. 20, 1901, 5. “Dr. John H. McCollom,” NYT, Jun. 15, 13. Advertisement for Harvard University Medical Department, BMSJ, 143 (Nov. 22, 1900), 34. See, e.g., C.-E. A. Winslow, “The Case for Vaccination,” SCI, new ser., 18 (1903): 101–7.
8 “Its Big Benefits.”
9 Pfeiffer to Durgin, quoted in “Smallpox Versus Dr. Pfeiffer,” 363.
10 Figures from BOSHD 1901, 44–45. Quote from BOSHD 1902, 36. “Smallpox Decreasing,” BG, Dec. 27, 1901, 7.
11 William N. Macartney, Fifty Years a Country Doctor (New York: E. P. Dutton & Company, 1938), 245. “Pfeiffer Yet Alive,” BG, Feb. 10, 1902, 1. “Funeral Friday of Dr. Paul Carson,” ibid., Nov. 28, 1923, 6.
12 Commonwealth of Massachusetts, The Journal of the Senate for the Year 1902 (Boston, 1902), 333. “Dr. Pfeiffer Has Smallpox.”
13 “Current Comment,” PMJ, 9 (Jan. 4, 1902), 5. Macartney, Fifty Years, 246. KBOH 1898–99, 98. California State Medical Journal, January 1905, quoted in FBOH 1904, 114. Dr. James Nevins Hyde, “The Late Epidemic of Smallpox in the United States,” PSM, 59 (Oct. 1901), 565. Michael Specter, “The Fear Factor,” New Yorker, Oct. 12, 2009, 39.
14 C. F. Nichols, Vaccination: A Blunder in Poisons, 61. “Opposed to Vaccination,” NYT, Mar. 29, 1902, 10. The threat of gunplay was a cliché of manly antivaccinationist speech. “I would stand in my door with a Winchester and a brace of six-shooters and forbid any such outrages upon my family, if it cost me my life. Every other free, brave man would do the same.” “Vaccination Tyranny,” The Life (“A monthly magazine of Christian metaphysics”), November 1905, 222–23.
15 Samuel W. Abbott, The Past and Present Conditions of Public Hygiene and State Medicine in the United States (Boston: Wright & Potter, 1900).
16 John Pitcairn, Vaccination (Anti-Vaccination League of Pennsylvania, 1907), 8. “John Pitcairn,” NYT, Jul. 23, 1916, 17. Following historian Steven Hahn, I am employing “a broad understanding of politics and the political that is relational and historical, and that encompasses collective struggles for what might be termed socially meaningful power.” A Nation Under Our Feet, 3. See James C. Scott, Domination and the Arts of Resistance.
17 “Will Ignore Leverson,” NYT, Aug. 17, 1900, 2. “Defies the Health Board,” ibid., Jan. 7, 1901, 2. “To Lead Fight on Vaccination,” CT, Jan. 6, 1901, A2. For a revealing study of late nineteenth-century libertarian radicalism in America, see David M. Rabban, Free Speech in Its Forgotten Years, esp. 23–76. On the transformation of governance in the Progressive Era, see Michael Willrich, City of Courts.
18 “An Anti-Vaccination Riot in Montreal,” MR, 28 (Oct. 3,