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Defines the built-in function objects, negators, binders, and adaptors.

Definitions of iterator_traits, iterator tags, iterator, reverse_iterator, insert iterators (such as back_inserter), and stream iterators.

Defines the default allocator, some utility functions for dealing with uninitialized memory inside containers, and the important C++11 shared_ptr and unique_ptr smart pointer class templates.

Prototypes for some numerical algorithms: accumulate(), inner_product(), partial_sum(), adjacent_difference(), and a few others.

GENERAL UTILITIES

The Standard Library contains some general-purpose utilities in several different header files:

HEADER FILE NAME CONTENTS

Defines the Chrono library. See Chapter 16.

Provides code conversion facets for various character encodings.

Defines the initializer_list class. See Chapter 9.

Defines the numeric_limits class template, and specializations for most built-in types. See Chapter 11.

Defines the locale class, the use_facet() and has_facet() template functions, and the various facet families. See Chapter 14.

Defines the bad_alloc exception and set_new_handler() function. Prototypes for all six forms of operator new and operator delete. See Chapter 18.

Defines the random number generation library. See Chapter 16.

Defines the Ratio library to work with compile-time rational numbers. See Chapter 16.

Defines the regular expression library. See Chapter 14.

Defines the basic_string class template and the typedef instantiations of string and wstring.

Defines error categories and error codes.

Defines the tuple class template as a generalization of the pair class template. See Chapter 16.

Defines type traits for use in template metaprogramming. See Chapter 20.

Defines a simple wrapper for type_info, which can be used as an index type in associative containers and in unordered associative containers.

Defines the bad_cast and bad_typeid exceptions. Defines the type_info class, objects of which are returned by the typeid operator. See Chapter 8 for details on typeid.

Defines the pair class template. See Chapter 12.

MATHEMATICAL UTILITIES

C++ provides some facilities for numeric processing. These capabilities are not described in detail in this book; for details, consult one of the Standard Library references listed in the Annotated Bibliography.

HEADER FILE NAME CONTENTS

Defines the complex class template for processing complex numbers.

Defines valarray and related classes and class templates for processing mathematical vectors and matrices.

EXCEPTIONS

Exceptions and exception support are covered in Chapter 10. Two header files provide most of the requisite definitions, but some exceptions for other domains are defined in the header file for that domain.

HEADER FILE NAME CONTENTS

Defines the exception and bad_exception classes, and the set_unexpected(), set_terminate(), and uncaught_exception() functions.

Non-domain-specific exceptions not defined in .

I/O STREAMS

The following table lists all the header files related to I/O streams in C++. However, normally your applications only need to include , , , , , and . Consult Chapter 15 for details.

HEADER FILE NAME CONTENTS

Defines the basic_filebuf, basic_ifstream, basic_ofstream, and basic_fstream classes. Declares the filebuf, wfilebuf, ifstream, wifstream, ofstream, wofstream, fstream, and wfstream typedefs.

Declares the I/O manipulators not declared elsewhere (mostly in ).

Defines the ios_base and basic_ios classes. Declares most of the stream manipulators. You rarely have to include this header directly.

Forward declarations of the templates and typedefs found in the other I/O stream header files. You rarely need