Proud Tower - Barbara W. Tuchman [303]
Three useful books have appeared since this chapter was written: Anarchism, by George Woodcock, The Anarchists, by James Joll, and The Anarchists, an anthology, edited by Irving L. Horowitz.
Notes
I have not thought it necessary, in this chapter, to give separate references for each incident and quotation since they group themselves, according to subject, into easily identifiable sets of sources, as follows:
For the conditions of the poor, Riis, London, Hunter and Chiozza Money (see Chap. 1) were my chief contemporary sources. For the ideas and theories of Anarchists of all countries and for excerpts from their writings, Eltzbacher was particularly useful. For French Anarchism all quotations, unless otherwise stated, are from Maitron or Malato (himself one of the French Anarchists of the time), supplemented by Crapouillot and Vizetelly. For Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman their own memoirs are the sources for all quotations. For Johann Most the chapter on him in Nomad’s A postles was the chief source. In the sections on Spanish Anarchists the quotations are taken chiefly from contemporary reports in the American press, as noted. For Czolgosz the essential primary source is Channing. For the Russians, Savinkov, himself a member of the Terror Brigade, and Nicolaevsky are primary (and indeed so fascinating that my first version of the Russian incidents, having grown altogether out of proportion, had to be condensed to a fifth of its original length).
Facts and quotations not covered by the foregoing, and which seem to require a specific reference, are separately noted.
1 “A daydream of desperate romantics”: Nomad, Rebels, 13.
2 Proudhon, “Whoever lays his hand on me”: from his Confessions of a Revolutionary. “To be governed is to be …”: from his Idée générale de la révolution au vingtiéme siécle, Epilogue.
3 “Abstract idea of right”: Bakunin said this was Proudhon’s point of departure, q. Nomad, Apostles, 15.
4 “Their power will be irresistible”: q. Eltzbacher, 138.
5 “We reckoned without the masses”: q. Nomad, Apostles, 205.
6 “The gentry had murdered the Czar” and “Broken and demoralized”: Kerensky, 44–45.
7 Henry James, “sinister anarchic underworld”: from his Preface to Princess Casamassima, his novel with Anarchist characters first published in 1886. Johann Most is said to have inspired the conception of the unseen Anarchist leader Hoffendahl in the novel. Another literary exercise in the theme was Joseph Conrad’s rather shallow story “An Anarchist,” published in Harper’s Weekly for Aug., 1906, of which the chief point seems to be that Anarchists are people of “warm hearts and weak heads.” It was followed in 1907 by his novel The Secret Agent, dealing with plot and conspiracy. Neither James nor Conrad was concerned with the underlying social origins or social philosophy of Anarchism.
8 August Spies quoted: David, 332–39.
9 “I want the Day of Judgment!”: a story told by Robert Blatchford, q. London, 298.
10 “What is Property?”: the title of his second treatise, Qu’est ce que la propriété? 1840.
11 “All mankind’s tormentors”: from his Dieu et I’Etat, 2nd ed., 1892, 11.
12 Woman who made match boxes and young man in the river: Riis, 47 and London, 205–07.
13 “Eight hours of work”: q. Maitron, 186.
14 Nevinson on Kropotkin: Changes and Chances (see Chap. 1), 125.
15 Shaw on Kropotkin: q. Woodcock, 225.
16 “Galloping decay” of states: Paroles, 8–10.
17 “Inertia of those who have a vested interest”: Paroles, 275–76.
18 Brousse, “The idea is on the march”: q. Crapouillot, 15.
19 “By dagger, gun and dynamite”: q. ibid., 15.
20 “Men of courage … the deed of mutiny”: Paroles, 285.
21 “A single deed …”: ibid., 285.
22 La Révolte of March, 1891; q. Maitron, 240.
23 Argument with Ben Tillett and Tom Mann: Ford (see Chap. 1), 110.
24 Plans for Anarchist society: Kropotkin’s Revolutionary Studies, Conquest of Bread, I’Anarchie dans I’évolution social. Malatesta’s Talk Between Two Workers.
25 Shaw: Tract No. 45, read to the Society Oct. 16, 1891, published July, 1893.
26 Royal