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Notes
(For all sources not listed above, see Chap. 1)
1 Chinese Slavery: Lyttelton, 320–21; Pope-Hennessy, 69; Wallas, 127; Hearnshaw, 94.
2 Yellow press: the phrase was in use in England at that time: Lucy Master-man, 216.
3 “Outdoor relief for the aristocracy”: q. Cecil, I, 167.
4 Education Act, “greatest betrayal”: q. Adams, 123.
5 Economist, a matter of £.s.d.: q. Adams, 103.
6 One water faucet and one privy: This and subsequent facts about the living conditions of the poor are from the chapter “Domestic Life,” by Marghanita Laski, in Nowell-Smith.
7 Contract labour in British Guiana: Alfred Lyttelton speaking in the House of Commons, March 21, 1904, demonstrated that these contracts, negotiated under Gladstone and Rosebery, were for longer duration (five years as against three) and more severe conditions than the South African contracts. (Hansard, IV series, v. 132, 283 ff.).
8 Cries of “Rat!”: Mackintosh, 222.
9 Balfour on Tariff issue: Fitzroy, I, 191, 220; Spender, C.-B., II, 102.
10 Cust quoted: Sir Ronald Storrs, Memoirs, 37.
11 “Not to go out of office”: Young, 232.
12 “In chronic poverty”: Hobson, 12.
13 Conditions at Shawfield Chemical Works: Hughes, 91.
14 Hauled off to a day in gaol: Gompers (see Chap. 8), 29–30.
15 Army lowered minimum height: Nowell-Smith, 181.
16 Wells depicted it: Autobiography, 550.
17 A’s and B’s: Lord Beveridge, Power and Influence, 66–67.
18 William Morris, “gradually permeating”: Hunter (see Chap. 8), 97.
19 Beatrice Webb contemplated marrying Chamberlain: Margaret Cole, Beatrice Webb, New York, 1946, 21.
20 “I could not carry on”: q. Hesketh Pearson, Shaw, 68; “A slave class”: Hyndman, 397.
21 Hyndman, a Socialist from spite: White (see Chap. 5), I, 98.
22 Clemenceau, “a bourgeois class”: q. Hyndman, 300.
23 “Eternal verities irritate him”: Hunter, 120.
24 Keir Hardie: Hughes, passim; Brockway, 17–18.
25 “Well fed beasts” and “Every day in Rotten Row”: Hunter, 230.
26 “Religious necessity” and strikes as “outlet”: Clynes, 83, 85.
27 “If Burns with 80,000 men”: q. Webb, 23.
28 ILP’s declared aims: Hughes, 66–67.
29 “Most costly funeral” and Garvin quoted: Hughes, 76.
30 Fabians, “not in our line”: Edward Pease, q. Halévy, V, 263, n. 2.
31 “Imperfections of the Social Order”: Aug. 23, 1902.
32 “Mr. Balfour, coming back from dinner”: Parliamentary correspondent of the Daily News, q. Hughes, 113.
33 MacDonald-Gladstone secret pact: Mendelssohn, 322.
34 “Go the Tory way”: Hughes, 69.
35 “Hideous abnormality”: Willoughby de Broke, 249.
36 Burns congratulates C.-B.: Webb, 325; reminds Grey: q. Lucy Masterman, 112.
37 Balfour and Weizmann: Dugdale, I, chap. 19; Chaim Weizmann, Trial and Error, New York, 1949, chap. 8.
38 Friend saw him “seriously upset”: Newton, Retrospection, 146–47.
39 Balfour’s letters on Election results: Letter to Knollys, q. in full in Lee, II, 449; others in Esher,