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30. Enrique Krauze, Mexico: Biography of Power: A History of Modern Mexico, 1810–1996 (New York, 1997), p. 663.

31. Anthony DePalma, “As the Rules Change in Mexico, He’s a Quick Study,” New York Times, December 4, 1994.

32. My first interview with Roberta Garza was in Houston in 2002, on background, with continuing conversations and interviews on research trips to Mexico City over the next eight years. In 2010 she agreed to speak on the record. See also Jason Berry, “How Fr. Maciel Built His Empire, Part 2,” National Catholic Reporter, April 12, 2010.

33. Jose de Cordoba, “With Elite Backing, a Catholic Order Has Pull in Mexico.”

34. “Fr. Luis Garza, LC, on the Choice for a Friendship,” International Resources Testimonies—Legionaries, part 17 in a series on life as a priest, no byline given, January 21, 2010, www.regnumchristi.org.

35. Fernando M. González, La iglesia del silencio: De mártires y pederastas (Mexico City, 2009), p. 279. See also Alma Guillermoprieto, “The Mission of Father Maciel,” New York Review of Books, June 24, 2010.

36. For background on Cotija and Maciel’s childhood, see Conde and Murray, The Legion of Christ: A History, pp. 14–15. The book is hardly authentic history; however, it reflects how the Legion presented itself as late as 2004. Juan Vaca, who filed the earliest allegations of abuse against Maciel, said that Maciel’s father viewed him as “a sissy boy.” Berry and Renner, Vows of Silence, profiles his victims. For a detailed biography, see Fernando M. González, Marcial Maciel: Los Legionarios de Cristo: testimonios y documentos inéditos (Mexico City, 2006).

37. Julia Preston and Samuel Dillon, Opening Mexico: The Making of a Democracy (New York, 2004), p. 45.

38. Carlos Fuentes, The Buried Mirror: Reflections on Spain and the New World (New York, 1992), p. 286.

39. Preston and Dillon, Opening Mexico, p. 47.

40. Pete Hamill, “The Casosola Archive,” in Mexico: The Revolution and Beyond; Photographs by Agustín Victor Casasola 1900–1940, ed. Pablo Ortiz Monasterio (New York, 2003), p. 18.

41. Berry and Renner, Vows of Silence, p. 148.

42. Michael J. Gonzalez, The Mexican Revolution: 1910–1940 (Albuquerque, NM, 2002), p. 211. Discussion on bishops in San Antonio is from Dr. Matthew Butler, University of Texas, Austin, telephone interview with the author, February 3, 2010.

43. Jean Meyer, The Cristero Rebellion: The Mexican People Between Church and State, 1926–1929 (Cambridge, UK, 1976), p. 114.

44. Ibid.

45. González, La iglesia del silencio, pp. 53–55.

46. Carlos Monsiváis, Mexican Postcards (New York, 2000), p. 132.

47. Graham Greene, Another Mexico (New York, 1967), p. 105.

48. Berry and Renner, Vows of Silence, p. 158.

49. Barba teaches at Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México in Mexico City.

50. Torres Robles, La prodigiosa aventura de los Legionarios de Cristo, p. 20; González, Marcial Maciel, p. 126.

51. Vows of Silence (2008), produced by Jason Berry. See www.vowsofsilencefilm.com.

52. Gerald Renner and Jason Berry, “Head of Worldwide Catholic Order Accused of History of Abuse,” Hartford Courant, February 23, 1997.

53. Torres, Robles, La prodigiosa aventura de los Legionarios de Cristo, pp. 27–28.

54. Berry and Renner, Vows of Silence, p. 1.

55. Renner and Berry, “Head of Worldwide Catholic Order Accused of History of Abuse.”

56. Jason Berry, “Vatican Investigates Legionaries of Christ,” GlobalPost.com, posted July 19, 2009.

57. Editorial, “Can Synod Survive Vatican Manipulation?” National Catholic Reporter, November 7, 1997.

58. On Neuhaus’s career, see Damon Linker, Theocons (New York, 2006).

59. Richard John Neuhaus, Appointment in Rome: The Church in America Awakening (New York, 1999), pp. 2, 39.

60. Ibid., p. 110.

61. Berry and Renner, Vows of Silence, p. 214.

62. Jonathan Kwitny, Man of the Century: The Life and Times of Pope John Paul II (New York, 1997), p. 452.

63. Former Legionary Jack Keogh, who toured the chapel with his mother, describes the frescoes in Driving