Republic, Lost_ How Money Corrupts Congress--And a Plan to Stop It - Lawrence Lessig [154]
48. Bovard, “Archer Daniels Midland.”
49. Coalition for Balanced Food and Fuel, “Expert Economist Says National Ethanol Policy Continuing to Drive Meat and Poultry Prices Higher” (2008), available at link #47. See also Thomas E. Elam, “Biofuel Support Policy Costs to the U.S. Economy” (2008), 3, available at link #48.
50. Federal Priorities Project, Federal Priorities Database, available at link #49.
51. Center for Responsive Politics, OpenSecrets.org, “Sugar Cane and Sugar Beets: Long-Term Contribution Trends,” available at link #50.
52. Center for Responsive Politics, OpenSecrets.org, “Crop Production & Basic Processing: Long-Term Contribution Trends,” available at link #51.
Chapter 5. Why Don’t We Have Efficient Markets?
1. Copyright Office, Copyright Law of the United States and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code vi-x (2009), available at link #52.
2. U.S. Energy Information Administration, “Emissions of Greenhouse Gases Report 2008” (Dec. 2009), 24, available at link #53.
3. Robert N. Stavins and Kenneth Richards, “The Cost of U.S. Forest Based Carbon Sequestration,” Pew Center on Global Climate Change (2005), ii, available at link #54; David Biello, “Future of ‘Clean Coal’ Power Tied to (Uncertain) Success of Carbon Capture and Storage,” Scientific American, March 14, 2007, available at link #55; Center for American Progress, “ACCCE Company Profits,” available at link #56. Profit of Coal and Petroleum industry as reported in U.S. Industry Quarterly Review: Energy 30 (Global Insight Inc., 2004).
4. Conrad Schneider and Jonathan Banks, “The Toll from Coal,” Clean Air Task Force, Sept. 2010, 4, 10, available at link #57.
5. According to MapLight, coal-mining companies and employees contributed $2,344,731 to legislators from the top five coal-producing states (Wyoming, West Virginia, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, and Montana) between 2005 and 2010. One-third of that sum went to twenty-five Democrats.
6. Center for Responsive Politics, OpenSecrets.org, “Pro-Environment Groups Outmatched, Outspent in Battle over Climate Change Legislation,” available at link #58.
7. See OpenSecrets.org. Data aggregates campaign and lobbying expenditures for “Print & Publishing” (see links #32 and #33) plus “TV/Movies/Music” (see links #34 and #35) versus campaign and lobbying expenditures for Public Knowledge, Open Internet Coalition, Digital Future Coalition, and the National Humanities Alliance (links #36 and #37) and (links #38 and $39).
Chapter 6. Why Don’t We Have Successful Schools?
1. Jessica Shepherd, “World Education Rankings: Which Country Does Best at Reading, Maths and Science?” Guardian, Dec. 7, 2010, available at link #59.
2. This claim is not uncontroversial. Vivek Wadhwa argues, for example, that the statistics fail to take into account critical thinking skills and innovation, see Vivek Wadhwa, “U.S. Schools Are Still Ahead—Way Ahead,” Businessweek, Jan. 12, 2011, available at link #60; and Diane Ravitch points out that a 1991 report argued that the U.S. education system had been “stead[ily] improving.” See Diane Ravitch, “Is U.S. Education Better Than Ever?” Huffington Post (Dec. 5, 2007), available at link #61, (referring to C. C. Carson, R. M. Huelskamp, and T. D. Woodall, “Perspectives on Education in America: An Annotated Briefing,” Journal of Education Research 86 [May 1993]: 259). But the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), an international survey conducted in 2000, 2003, 2006, and 2009, reports that the United States is worse off than in 2000 as compared to other nations. And according to the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), the U.S. reading and math performance has remained largely flat since the early 1970s. See National Center for Education Statistics, “Trend in NAEP Reading Average Scores for 17-year-old Students” (2008), available at link #62 (documenting change in average scaled reading score of 285 in 1971 to 286 in 2008); National Center for Education Statistics, “Trend in Mathematics Average