Running Linux, 5th Edition - Matthias Kalle Dalheimer [487]
Both the Wine source code and binary packages can be found on the WineHQ web site at http://www.winehq.org/download. For some distributions, such as Debian or Ubuntu, you can find additional information for installing packages. All of the individual package selections will redirect you to a download mirror. Wine development moves rapidly, and if your system came preinstalled with it, you should strongly consider upgrading to the latest version on WineHQ.
The Wine project maintains binary packages for the most common Linux distributions, including Red Hat, Mandriva, Fedora, SUSE, Debian, and Slackware. Chances are you can find a package to work with your distribution. Each package has been built specifically for its associated Linux distribution and may even offer some integration you wouldn't ordinarily find from the source distribution. In addition, each binary package has been compiled to work specifically with the set of libraries that come with your distribution. If you're not sure you have all the software installed on your system to compile Wine, download the binary version. Use your Linux distribution's package tool, such as rpm or apt, to install Wine.
If you choose to download Wine's source code, you'll need a standard build environment. Wine utilizes libraries that are standard on almost every Linux distribution, but you'll need to make sure you have the headers available for things such as X. Building consists of running just a few common commands from within the source code directory:
$ ./configure
$ make depend
$make
Be sure to monitor the output from configure to make sure everything was found. To actually install the packages, you'll need root access. As root, run make install from within the source directory. The default installation directories are in /usr/local, such as /usr/local/bin and /usr/local/lib/wine.
If you would like to access the latest development source code of Wine, you can download it from the CVS server. Wine's CVS tree remains relatively stable from day to day, and it's uncommon to run into a build problem. But, as with any software under development, you'll need to carefully evaluate whether it's worth being on the bleeding edge. To access the CVS server, you'll need to let CVS know where the repository is, log in, and then check out the actual source code:
$ export CVSROOT=:pserver:cvs@cvs.winehq.org:/home/wine
$ cvs login
$cvs -z 0 checkout wine
For future updates, enter the newly created wine directory and simply run cvs update -PAd.
A simple example of using Wine
To get started with an application that uses Wine, let's walk through running a simple example. Afterward, we can examine the settings that get automatically configured by Wine. The defaults are sufficient for running simple programs, but you'll want to tweak them later for many applications.
To dive right in, run the Wine task manager application taskmgr . If your installation worked, you can enter:
$ wine taskmgr
Wine's task manager allows you to start, stop, and debug Wine processes.
After running taskmgr, you'll notice that a couple of things have been automatically set up in your account. Wine stores its settings in a special directory named ~/.wine and in subdirectories below that. Within ~/.wine you'll find that a system registry has been created and stored within three files named system.reg, user.reg, and userdef.reg. In addition, two important directories have been created: dosdevices and drive_c. The former contains all of the mappings necessary to configure your virtual Windows drives. The latter contains an entire virtual Windows drive with all of the directories you'd expect to find on Windows, such as c:\windows