Schaum's Outline of Latin Grammar - Alan Fishbone [57]
Sometimes an ablative absolute will not contain a participle, but another noun or adjective in the ablative that acts as a predicate: PoeÅtaÅ reÅge feÅlix erit reÅgõÅna.
If the poet is king, the queen will be
happy.
Here reÅge is predicate to the subject. The verb sum, ` to be,' has no participle that could be used here, but the sense may be supplied.
Exercises
10. Translate the following.
1. ServõÅs fugientibus, mõÅliteÅs urbem deÅleÅveÅrunt.
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5 Àbsolute'' in this sense means free from connection to the main clause.
6 When the singular of the present participle is used in an ablative absolute, it takes the ending -eÅ instead of -õÅ.
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2. ServõÅs fugientibus, mõÅliteÅs urbem deÅleÅbunt.
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3. ServõÅs fugientibus mõÅliteÅs urbem deÅleÅrent.
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4. Urbe aÅ mõÅlitibus deÅleÅtaÅ imperaÅtor claÅmaÅvit seÅ esse reÅgem.
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5. Urbe aÅ mõÅlitibus deÅleÅtaÅ imperaÅtor seÅ esse reÅgem claÅmaÅvisset.
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6. Urbe aÅ mõÅlitibus deÅleÅtaÅ imperaÅtor seÅ esse reÅgem claÅmaÅbit.
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7. ImperaÅtoÅre seÅ esse reÅgem claÅmante servõÅ ex urbe fugieÅbant.
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8. ImperaÅtoÅre reÅge servõÅ multum timeÅbunt.
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9. ImperaÅtoÅre reÅge servõÅ multum timuissent.
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10. ImperaÅtoÅre seÅ esse reÅgem urbis claÅmante mõÅliteÅs tamen discesseÅrunt.
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11. Translate the following sentences.
1. Itaque vastaÅtõÅs omnibus eoÅrum agrõÅs, võÅcõÅs aedi®ciõÅsque inceÅnsõÅs, Caesar exercitum reduÅxit et in hõÅherniõÅs collocaÅvit.
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2. ExiguaÅ parte aestaÅtis reliquaÅ Caesar tamen in Britanniam pro®cõÅscõÅ
contendit.
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3. Et sõÅcut vetus aetaÅs võÅdit quid ultimum in libertaÅte esset, ita noÅs quid in servituÅte, ademptoÅ per inquõÅsõÅtioÅneÅs etiam loquendõÅ audiendõÅque commercioÅ.
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CHAPTER 9 Syntax of the Complex Sentence
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Vocabulary
itaque (adv.)
and so
vastoÅ, vastaÅre
lay waste, destroy
agrum, -õÅ, n.
®eld
võÅcus, -õÅ, m.
village
aedi®cium, -õÅ, n.
building
incendoÅ, incendere
burn
Caesar, Caesaris, m.
Caesar
exercitus, -uÅs, m.
army
reduÅcoÅ, reduÅcere
lead back
hõÅberna, -oÅrum, n. pl.
winter camp
collocoÅ, collocaÅre
put in place, settle, locate
exiguus, -a, -um
small
aestaÅs, -taÅtis, f.
summer
relõÅquus, -a, -um
remaining, left over
Britannia, -ae, f.
Britain
pro®cõÅscor, pro®cõÅscõÅ, profectus sum
set forth
contendo