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61. Ekman, 1992.

62. Allport, 1966:146.

63. Allport, 1943.

64. Hilgard, 1987:65.

65. Fancher, 1979:168.

66. Quoted in Barzun, 1983:298.

CHAPTER 7

1. Major sources of biographical material: Gay, 1988; Ronald Clark, 1980; Ernest Jones, 1953–1957; Freud, 1954 [letters to Fliess]; and autobiographical writings in S.E.

2. Quoted in Roazen, 1976:537.

3. “An Autobiographical Study” (1925), S.E. XX:70.

4. Letter to Romain Rolland, May 13, 1926, in Ernest Freud, 1964:370.

5. “Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious” (1905), S.E. VIII:31.

6. Ibid.:61.

7. “The Question of Lay Analysis” (1926), S.E. XX:253.

8. Letter to Martha Bernays, January 16, 1884, in Ernst Freud, 1964:89.

9. Details of the case: Studies on Hysteria, part II, case 1, S.E. II:21ff; “Five Lectures on Psycho-Analysis” (1910), S.E. XI:9–16.

10. Letter of Freud to Stefan Zweig, June 2, 1932, quoted in Gay, 1988:67.

11. Ibid.

12. Karpe, 1961; Ellenberger, 1972.

13. Letter to Fliess, December 28, 1887, in Freud, 1954:53.

14. “On the Psychical Mechanism of Hysterical Phenomena: Preliminary Communication” (1893), S.E. II:3–17.

15. “Studies,” S.E. II:101–102.

16. Ibid.:63.

17. Ibid., part II, case 5, S.E. II:135–181.

18. Ibid., part IV, S.E. II:270.

19. James Strachey, note on p. 110, S.E. II.

20. “Fragment of an Analysis of a Case of Hysteria” (1905), S.E. VII:118.

21. Ibid.:116–117.

22. The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), chap. VII, S.E. V:608.

23. Ibid., chap. II, S.E. IV:125.

24. Ibid.:118–119.

25. “Further Remarks on the Neuro-Psychoses of Defence” (1896), S.E. III:164; see also note on that page by James Strachey, editor of S.E.

26. S.E. III:191–221.

27. Letter to Fliess, quoted in Gay, 1988:93.

28. Letter to Fliess, September 21, 1897, in Freud, 1954:215–218.

29. Letter to Fliess, June 12, 1897, in Freud, 1954:211, and see editor’s note, same p.; letter to Fliess, August 14, loc. cit.: 213.

30. Letter to Fliess, August 14, 1897, in Freud, 1954:213–214.

31. Letter to Fliess, October 27, 1897, in Freud, 1954:225–227.

32. Letter to Fliess, October 3, 1897, in Freud, 1954:218–221.

33. Ernest Jones, 1953:265–267.

34. “Project for a Scientific Psychology” [1895], S.E. I:295–343; Pyles, 1999; Gay, 1988:78–79, 123.

35. Ernest Jones, 1953:383.

36. Letter to Fliess, September 22, 1898, in Freud, 1954:264–265.

37. Bettelheim, 1983:69–78.

38. Jones, 1953:365–368; Gay, 1988:119, 222.

39. Major source: The Interpretation of Dreams, esp. chap. VII, S.E. V:509–621.

40. Ernest Jones, 1953:397.

41. “The Ego and the Id” (1923), S.E. XIX:50n.

42. Major source: The Interpretation of Dreams, chap. VII, S.E. V:599–611.

43. “Project,” S.E. I; The Interpretation of Dreams, S.E. V:598ff.

44. Ernest Jones, 1953:400.

45. Strachey note in S.E. II:63; Bettelheim, 1983:89–90.

46. “Formulations on the Two Principles of Mental Functioning (1911): S.E. XII:223.

47. The Interpretation of Dreams, S.E. IV:260–266.

48. According to James Strachey (see S.E. IV:263n.), Freud’s first use of the term is in “The Psychology of Love” (II): S.E. XI:171.

49. Major sources: Studies on Hysteria, S.E. II, passim, but esp. 268–269; The Interpretation of Dreams, passim, but esp. chap. VII, S.E. IV and V. The concept occurs throughout Freud’s writings.

50. Major sources: “Project,” S.E. I; Studies on Hysteria, part III, S.E.:197; The Interpretation of Dreams, chap. VII, S.E. V:565n.

51. Studies on Hysteria, part III, S.E.:197.

52. Ibid.:202.

53. “On Narcissism” (1914), S.E. XIV:85.

54. Preface to 3rd ed., The Interpretation of Dreams, quoted by Strachey in S.E. IV:xx.

55. Gay, 1988:154–156.

56. Quoted in Gay, 1988:59, 163.

57. Quoted in Karier, 1986:210.

58. Roazen, 1976:45–46, 56.

59. Everyday Life, S.E. VI:59.

60. Ernest Jones, 1955:286.

61. The data: Ernest Jones, 1955:286; Strachey, in S.E. VII:126.

62. Ernest Jones, 1955:57.

63. The anecdote, told by Franz