The Book of Lost Tales - J. R. Tolkien [207]
43 Literally, as he maintained: ‘From that (grief) one moved on; from this in the same way one can move on.’
44 There are long roots beneath the words of The Fellowship of the Ring (I.2): ‘Elves…could now be seen passing westward through the woods in the evening, passing and not returning; but they were leaving Middle-earth and were no longer concerned with its troubles.’ ‘“That isn’t anything new, if you believe the old tales,’” said Ted Sandyman, when Sam Gamgee spoke of the matter.
I append here a synopsis of the structural differences between the three versions of Ælfwine of England.
A: Æ. sails from Belerion and sees ‘islands in the dawn’.
I: As in A
II: As in A, but his companion Ælfheah is named.
A: Æ. sails again with 7 mariners of England. They are shipwrecked on the isle of the Man of the Sea but all survive.
I: Æ. has only 3 companions, and he alone survives the shipwreck.
II: Æ. has 7 companions, and is alone on the isle of the Man of the Sea, believing them drowned.
A: The Man of the Sea helps them to build a ship but does not go with them.
I: The Man of the Sea helps Æ. to build a boat and goes with him.
II: Æ. and the Man of the Sea find a stranded Viking ship and sail away in it together.
A: The Man of the Sea dives into the sea from a cliff-top of his isle.
I: They come to the Isle of the Ythlings. The Man of the Sea dives from a cliff-top. Æ. gets 7 companions from the Ythlings.
II: As in I, but Æ. finds his 7 companions from England, who were not drowned; to them is added Bior of the Ythlings.
A: On their voyages 3 of Æ.’s companions are enchanted in the Magic Isles.
I: As in A, but in this case they are Ythlings.
II: As in A
A: They are blown away from Tol Eressëa after sighting it; Æ. leaps overboard, and the others return home.
I: They are blown away from Tol Eressëa, and all, including Æ., return home.
II: As in A
Changes made to names, and differences in names,
in the texts of Ælfwine of England
Lúthien The name of the land in I and II; in A Luthany (see note 20).
Déor At the first occurrence only in I Déor < Heorrenda, subsequently Déor; A Déor.
Evadrien In I < Erenol. Erenol = ‘Iron Cliff’ see I.252, entry Eriol. Forodwaith II has Forodwaith < Forwaith < Gwasgonin; I has Gwasgonin or the Winged Helms; A has the Winged Helms.
Outer Land < Outer Lands at both occurrences in II (pp. 316–17).
Ælfheah I has Gelimer (at the first occurrence only < Helgor).
Shipmen of the West In II < Eneathrim.
APPENDIX
NAMES IN THE LOST TALES—PART II
This appendix is designed only as an adjunct and extension to that in Part One. Names that have already been studied in Part One are not given entries in the following notes, if there are entries under that name in Part One, e.g. Melko, Valinor; but if, as is often the case, the etymological information in Part One is contained in an entry under some other name, this is shown, e.g. ‘Gilim See I.260 (Melko)’.
Linguistic information from the Name-list to The Fall of Gondolin (see p. 148) incorporated in these notes is referred to ‘NFG’. ‘GL’ and ‘QL’ refer to the Gnomish and Qenya dictionaries (see I. 246ff.). Qenya is the term used in both these books and is strictly the name of the language spoken in Tol Eressëa; it does not appear elsewhere in the early writings, where the distinction is between ‘Gnomish’ on the one hand and ‘Elfin’, ‘Eldar’, or ‘Eldarissa’ on the other.
Alqarámë For the first element Qenya alqa ‘swan’ see I.249 (Alqaluntë). Under root RAHA QL gives râ ‘arm’, rakta ‘stretch out, reach’, ráma ‘wing’, rámavoitë ‘having wings’ GL has ram ‘wing, pinion’, and it is noted that Qenya ráma is a confusion of this and a word róma ‘shoulder’.
Amon Gwareth Under root AM(u) ‘up(wards)’ QL gives amu ‘up(wards)’, amu- ‘raise