The Chinese in America - Iris Chang [236]
307 ”In fact, the better educated we became”: Judy Yung, Unbound Feet, p. 288.
308 in-house study at Bell Labs: Author interview of Carl Hsu, co-founder of 4A, Asian Americans for Affirmative Action; ”The Founding of 4A,” 4A Newsletter 1:1 (January 1979); correspondence of Ron Osajima, co-founder of 4A, to author, February 18, 2001; ”Request for a Comparison Study of White Males and Asian Americans,” Bell Labs memorandum, July 22, 1977.
308 ”Most of us had very deep fears about retribution”: Author interview with Carl Hsu.
309 ”worse than the betrayal of a loyal ally”: New York Times, January 5, 1981; Anna Chennault, The Education of Anna, p. 242.
309 ”Mr. President”: Anna Chennault, p. 236.
310 ”During Watergate, we didn’t understand why Nixon had to resign”: Jennie Yabroff, ”Stranger in a Strange Land,” Salon, October 17, 1997.
Chapter Seventeen. The Bamboo Curtain Rises: Mainlanders and Model Minorities
312 ”the news filled me with such euphoria”: Jung Chang, Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991), p. 495.
313 partly or completely illiterate: Jasper Becker, The Chinese (New York: Free Press, 2000), p. 210.
314 ”study abroad fever”: Leo A. Orleans, Chinese Students in America: Policies, Issues and Numbers (Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1988), p. 28.
314 doubled the immigration slots: Lynn Pan, Sons of the Yellow Emperor, p. 276.
315 more than 80,000 PRC intellectuals: Los Angeles Times Magazine, March 25, 1990; Jing Qiu Fu, ”Broken Portraits: The Dilemma of Chinese Student Leaders in the U.S. After the Tiananmen Square Incident,” master’s thesis, Asian American Studies, University of California at Los Angeles, 1999, p. 1.
315 freed Deng Jiaxian: Ting Ni, pp. 190-91.
315 Yuan Jialiu: Ibid., p. 190.
316 Yuan’s family: Ibid., p. 190.
316 roughly half the Chinese foreign students: Dr. An Wang with Eugene Linden, Lessons: An Autobiography (Boston: Addison-Wesley, 1986), p. 42.
316 ”regret in their eyes”: Author interview of Linda Tsao Yang.
316 Let Keung Mui: Interview with Let Keung Mui by Se Wai Mui, his son. Manuscript entitled ”Our Lives, Our Stories, Our Neighborhood. Vol. V Oral Histories compiled by the students of the class. Our Neighborhood: The Lower East Side Experience. Seward Park High School, June 1988,” New York Chinatown History Project, Museum of Chinese in the Americas.
317 ”Why would one person need so many lights?”: Liu Zongren, Two Years in the Melting Pot (San Francisco: China Books and Periodicals, 1988), p. 16.
317 ”A hundred dollars”: Ibid., p. 20.
318 ”I liked E.T. ”: Ibid., p. 20.
318 wealthiest one percent of Americans: James D. Torr, ed., The 1980s (San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2000), p. 54.
318 four hundred richest Americans: Ibid.
319 ”Many of Detroit’s corporate heads”: Ronald Takaki, ”Who Killed Vincent Chin?,” in Grace Yun, ed., A Look Beyond the Model Minority Image (New York: Minority Rights Group, 1989), pp. 26-27.
320 ”In Detroit, the bumper stickers say it all”: Ibid., p. 27.
320 ”What kind of law is this?”: Ronald Takaki, Strangers from a Different Shore, p. 482.
321 ”Three thousand dollars can’t even buy a good used car”: Ibid.
321 ”I don’t understand how this could happen in America”: Ibid.
321 ”My blood boiled”: Ibid., p. 484.
321 ”The killing of Vincent Chin happened in 1982”: Ibid., p. 483.
321 Additional sources on Vincent Chin: Sucheng Chan, Asian Americans, pp. 176-78; Christine Choy and Renee Tajima, Who Killed Vincent Chin?, color documentary, 90 minutes, 1988.
322 Sources on the Jim Loo murder: Sucheng Chan, p. 178; United States Commission on Civil Rights, Civil Rights Issues Facing Asian Americans in the 1990s: A Report of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, February 1992, pp. 26-28.
322 “I don’t like you because you’re Vietnamese”: Seth Effron, “Racial Slaying Prompts Fear, Anger in Raleigh,