The Common Law [166]
5, 6, pl. 11; see also Willams v. Hide, Palmer, 548; Shep. Touchst. 173.
203/1 See Safe Delcosit Company of Pittsburgh v. Pollock, 85 Penn. 391.
203/2 Paston, J., in Y.B. 21 Hen. VI. 55; Keilway, 50 a, pl. 4; Hardres, 163.
203/3 Lane v. Cotton, 1 Ld. Raym. 646, 654; 1 Salk. 18; 12 Mod. 484.
204/1 Forward v. Pittard, 1 T. R. 27, 83.
205/1 Printing and Numerical Registering Co. v. Sampson, L.R. 19 Eq. 462, 465.
207/1 Possession, Section 6, Eng. tr., pp. 27, 28.
207/2 R. d. Besitzes, 487.
208/1 R. d. Besitzes, 490, 491.
208/2 Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, 415; Windscheid, Pand. Section 148, n. 6. Further Hegelian discourse may be found in Dr. J. Hutchison Sterling's Lectures on the Philosophy of Law.
208/3 Institutionen, Sections 224, 226; Windscheid, Pand. Section 148, n. 6.
208/4 Windscheid, Pand. Section 148, n. 6.
208/5 Besitzklagen, 276, 279.
209/1 Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, 499.
209/2 Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, Section 2, pp. 5 et seq.; Puchta, Besitz, in Weiske, Rechtslex.; Windscheid, Pand. Section 154, pp. 461 et seq. (4th ed.).
209/3 D. 41.2.3, Section 20; 13.6.8 & 9. Cf. D. 41.1.9, Section 5.
210/1 But see Ihering, Geist d. Rom. R., Section 62, French tr., IV. p. 51.
210/2 Heusler thinks this merely a result of the English formalism and narrowness in their interpretation of the word suo in the writ (disseisivit de teuemento suo). Gewere, 429-432. But there was no such narrowness in dealing with catalla sua in trespass. See below, p. 242.
210/3 See, further, Bracton, fol. 413; Y.B. 6 Hen. VII. 9, pl. 4.
211/1 Infra, p. 243.
211/2 R. d. Besitzes, 494.
212/1 Rogers v. Spence, 13 M. & W. 579, 581.
212/2 Webb v. Fox, 7 T. R. 391, 397.
212/3 Fennings v. Lord Grenville, 1 Taunt. 241; Littledale v. Scaith, ib. 243, n. (a); cf. Hogarth v. Jackson, M. & M. 58; Skinner v. Chapman, ib. 59, n.
212/4 Swift v. Gifford, 2 Lowell, 110.
212/5 1 Taunt. 248.
213/1 Cf. Wake, Evolution of Morality, Part I. ch. 4, pp. 296 et seq.
215/1 Asher v. Whitlock, L.R. 1 Q.B.1.
215/2 People v. Shearer, 30 Cal. 645.
217/1 2 Kent's Comm. 349, citing Pierson v. Post, 3 Caines, (N. Y.) 175; Buster v. Newkirk, 20 Johnson, (N. Y.) 75.
217/2 Young v. Hichens, 6 Q.B.606.
217/3 2 Kent's Comm. 349, n. (d).
218/1 Inst. 2. 1, Section 13.
218/2 Swift v. Gifford, 2 Lowell, 110.
218/3 Savigny, R. d. Besitzes, Section 21.
218/4 II. 9, Section 4; III. 29, Section 2. Animus domini will be used here as shortly indicating the general nature of the intent required even by those who deny the fitness of the expression, and especially because Savigny's opinion is that which has been adopted by English writers.
219/1 Cf. Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, 413, and ib. 469, 474, 493, 494, 505; Windscheid, Pand. Section 149, n. 5 (p. 447, 4th ed.); Puchta, Inst. Section 226.
219/2 Supra, p. 207; 2 Puchta, Inst. Section 226 (5th ed.), pp. 545, 546.
221/1 15 Jur. 1079; 21 L. J. Q.B.75; 7 Eng. L. & Eq. 424.
222/1 11 Allen, 548.
223/1 Kincaid v. Eaton, 98 Mass. 139.
223/2 Barker v. Bates, 13 Pick. 255, 257, 261; Proctor v. Adams, 113 Mass. 376, 377; 1 Bl. Comm. 297, Sharsw. ed., n. 14. Cf. Blades v. Hiqgs, 13 C.B. N.S. 844, 847, 848, 850, 851; 11 H. L. C. 621; Smith v. Smith, Strange, 955.
223/3 Reg. v. Rowe, Bell, C.C. 93.
224/1 See, as to treasure hidden in another's land, D. 41. 2. 44, pr.; D. 10. 4. 15. Note the different opinions in D. 41.2. 3, Section 3.
224/2 3 Inst. 107; 1 Hale, P.C. 504, 505; 2 Bishop, Crim. Law, Sections 834, 860 (6th ed.).
224/3 Reg. v. Middleton, L.R. 2 C.C. 38, 55. Cf. Halliday v. Holgate, L.R. 3 Ex. 299, 302.
224/4 Cf. Y.B. 8 Ed. II. 275; Fitzh. Abr. Detinue, ph 59; Y.B. 13 Ed. IV. 9, pl. 5; Keilway, 160, pl. 2; Merry v. Green, 7 M. & W. 623, 630. It may not be necessary to go quite so far, however, and these cases are not relied on as establishing the theory. For wrong explanations, see 2 East, P.C. 696.
225/1 Durfee v. Jones, 11 R. I. 588.
225/2 Reg. v. Rowe, Bell, C.C. 93, stated above.
225/3 8 Ves. 405; 7 M. & W. 623; Stephen,
203/1 See Safe Delcosit Company of Pittsburgh v. Pollock, 85 Penn. 391.
203/2 Paston, J., in Y.B. 21 Hen. VI. 55; Keilway, 50 a, pl. 4; Hardres, 163.
203/3 Lane v. Cotton, 1 Ld. Raym. 646, 654; 1 Salk. 18; 12 Mod. 484.
204/1 Forward v. Pittard, 1 T. R. 27, 83.
205/1 Printing and Numerical Registering Co. v. Sampson, L.R. 19 Eq. 462, 465.
207/1 Possession, Section 6, Eng. tr., pp. 27, 28.
207/2 R. d. Besitzes, 487.
208/1 R. d. Besitzes, 490, 491.
208/2 Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, 415; Windscheid, Pand. Section 148, n. 6. Further Hegelian discourse may be found in Dr. J. Hutchison Sterling's Lectures on the Philosophy of Law.
208/3 Institutionen, Sections 224, 226; Windscheid, Pand. Section 148, n. 6.
208/4 Windscheid, Pand. Section 148, n. 6.
208/5 Besitzklagen, 276, 279.
209/1 Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, 499.
209/2 Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, Section 2, pp. 5 et seq.; Puchta, Besitz, in Weiske, Rechtslex.; Windscheid, Pand. Section 154, pp. 461 et seq. (4th ed.).
209/3 D. 41.2.3, Section 20; 13.6.8 & 9. Cf. D. 41.1.9, Section 5.
210/1 But see Ihering, Geist d. Rom. R., Section 62, French tr., IV. p. 51.
210/2 Heusler thinks this merely a result of the English formalism and narrowness in their interpretation of the word suo in the writ (disseisivit de teuemento suo). Gewere, 429-432. But there was no such narrowness in dealing with catalla sua in trespass. See below, p. 242.
210/3 See, further, Bracton, fol. 413; Y.B. 6 Hen. VII. 9, pl. 4.
211/1 Infra, p. 243.
211/2 R. d. Besitzes, 494.
212/1 Rogers v. Spence, 13 M. & W. 579, 581.
212/2 Webb v. Fox, 7 T. R. 391, 397.
212/3 Fennings v. Lord Grenville, 1 Taunt. 241; Littledale v. Scaith, ib. 243, n. (a); cf. Hogarth v. Jackson, M. & M. 58; Skinner v. Chapman, ib. 59, n.
212/4 Swift v. Gifford, 2 Lowell, 110.
212/5 1 Taunt. 248.
213/1 Cf. Wake, Evolution of Morality, Part I. ch. 4, pp. 296 et seq.
215/1 Asher v. Whitlock, L.R. 1 Q.B.1.
215/2 People v. Shearer, 30 Cal. 645.
217/1 2 Kent's Comm. 349, citing Pierson v. Post, 3 Caines, (N. Y.) 175; Buster v. Newkirk, 20 Johnson, (N. Y.) 75.
217/2 Young v. Hichens, 6 Q.B.606.
217/3 2 Kent's Comm. 349, n. (d).
218/1 Inst. 2. 1, Section 13.
218/2 Swift v. Gifford, 2 Lowell, 110.
218/3 Savigny, R. d. Besitzes, Section 21.
218/4 II. 9, Section 4; III. 29, Section 2. Animus domini will be used here as shortly indicating the general nature of the intent required even by those who deny the fitness of the expression, and especially because Savigny's opinion is that which has been adopted by English writers.
219/1 Cf. Bruns, R. d. Besitzes, 413, and ib. 469, 474, 493, 494, 505; Windscheid, Pand. Section 149, n. 5 (p. 447, 4th ed.); Puchta, Inst. Section 226.
219/2 Supra, p. 207; 2 Puchta, Inst. Section 226 (5th ed.), pp. 545, 546.
221/1 15 Jur. 1079; 21 L. J. Q.B.75; 7 Eng. L. & Eq. 424.
222/1 11 Allen, 548.
223/1 Kincaid v. Eaton, 98 Mass. 139.
223/2 Barker v. Bates, 13 Pick. 255, 257, 261; Proctor v. Adams, 113 Mass. 376, 377; 1 Bl. Comm. 297, Sharsw. ed., n. 14. Cf. Blades v. Hiqgs, 13 C.B. N.S. 844, 847, 848, 850, 851; 11 H. L. C. 621; Smith v. Smith, Strange, 955.
223/3 Reg. v. Rowe, Bell, C.C. 93.
224/1 See, as to treasure hidden in another's land, D. 41. 2. 44, pr.; D. 10. 4. 15. Note the different opinions in D. 41.2. 3, Section 3.
224/2 3 Inst. 107; 1 Hale, P.C. 504, 505; 2 Bishop, Crim. Law, Sections 834, 860 (6th ed.).
224/3 Reg. v. Middleton, L.R. 2 C.C. 38, 55. Cf. Halliday v. Holgate, L.R. 3 Ex. 299, 302.
224/4 Cf. Y.B. 8 Ed. II. 275; Fitzh. Abr. Detinue, ph 59; Y.B. 13 Ed. IV. 9, pl. 5; Keilway, 160, pl. 2; Merry v. Green, 7 M. & W. 623, 630. It may not be necessary to go quite so far, however, and these cases are not relied on as establishing the theory. For wrong explanations, see 2 East, P.C. 696.
225/1 Durfee v. Jones, 11 R. I. 588.
225/2 Reg. v. Rowe, Bell, C.C. 93, stated above.
225/3 8 Ves. 405; 7 M. & W. 623; Stephen,