• Choose a category
• All
• Classic-Fiction

55 Daniel Zalewski, “Ties That Bind,“ Lingua Franca, June 1997, pp. 51-59.

56 Gina Kolata, “Safeguards Urged for Researchers,“ New York Times, 17 April 1997, p. A13; Richard Deyo et al., “The Messenger Under Attack: Intimidation of Researchers by Special-Interest Groups,“ New England Journal ofMedicine336 (1997): 1176-81.

57 In a twelve-page critique of Kolata, Sheryl Fragin (”Flawed Science at the Times”) paints a picture of a journalist who deserves the criticisms that have been leveled at her. Yet the only implant study Fragin reproaches Kolata for failing to report is one showing a high rupture and complication rate—a well-known fact, and one that does not establish a link between implants and the diseases they are said to cause. One of Fragin’s bottom lines praises Kolata with faint damnation: “If Kolata can be accused of any allegiance at all, it is to a narrow and traditional view of scientific evidence, where nothing is real until documented by large epidemiological studies or lab experiments” (p. 107).

58 Bob Dole, “Ignore the Lawyers, Help the People,” Los Angeles Times, 27 April 1995, p. B7 (contains quote).

59 Paul Ruiz, “Media Deform the ’Legal Reform’ Debate,” Extra, May 1995, pp. 10-11; Jim Naureckas, “Defusing the ‘Litigation Explosion’,” Extra, May 1995, p. 10; Aric Press, “Are Lawyers Burning America?” Newsweek, 20 March 1995, pp. 32-35; Richard Schmitt, “Truth Is First Casualty of Tort-Reform Debate,” Wall StreetJournal,7 March 1995, pp. B1, 4.

60 Statistics from Ruiz, “Media Deform.“ “Contract” quoted in Naureckas, “Defusing.” Ms. article is Washburn, “Reality Check.” See also Martha Middleton, “A Changing Landscape,” ABA Journal 81 (1 August 1995): 56.

61 John Broder, “Warning: A Batman Cape Won’t Help You Fly,“ New York Times, 5 March 1997, pp. C1, 2.

62 Ann Wood, “Pertussis Vaccine Scare Report Rebuffed by AAP,“ Pediatric News, May 1982, p. 1. General background about the vaccine and controversies surrounding it: interviews with Dr. Cheston Berlin, former chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics’ Committee on Drugs, and Dr. Edward Mortimer of Case Western University.

63 “Comments on DTP Issues Raised on the WRC/NBC TV Program,” photocopied report from the National Center for Drugs and Biologics, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC, 1982. Statistics and general information about whooping cough: American Academy of Pediatrics “Red Book,” 1994; Lawrence Altman, “A New Focus on Whooping Cough Vaccine,” New York Times, 8 June 1982, p. 20. On safety of the vaccines see also L. Cowan et al., “Acute Encephalopathy and Chronic Neurological Damage After Pertussis Vaccine,” Vaccine 11 (1993): 1371-79.

64 For an example of the media commentary see ”Two Ounces of Prevention,“ New York Times, 18 May 1982, p. A22. Fisher quote is from a membership solicitation letter from her organization.

65 Japanese and British epidemics: interview with Dr. Stephen Chartrand of Creighton University, an expert on childhood vaccines, 13 December 1994; Julie Marquis, “A Vocal Attack on Vaccines,” Los Angeles Times, 12 March 1997, pp. A1, 14; E. J. Gangarosa et al., “Impact of Anti-Vaccine Movements on Pertussis Control,” Lancet 351 (1998): 356-61. On my selection and use of statistics see note 2 in the Introduction.

66 Louise Palmer, “Government Can’t Meet Vaccine Injury Claims,” New York Times, 25 April 1993, p. 6; Sarah Glazer, “No-Fault Federal Program Compensates for Injuries,“ Washington Post, 29 January 1991, p. Z9; Catherine Clabby, “Danger of Vaccines Discounted,“ Raleigh News and Observer, 18 December 1996, p. A3.

67 M. R. Griffin et al., “Risk of Seizures and Encephalopathy After Immunization with DTP Vaccine,“ Journal of the American Medical Association 263 (1990): 1641-45; James D. Cherry, “Pertussis Vaccine Encephalopathy: It Is Time to Recognize It as the Myth That It Is,“ Journal of the American Medical Association 263 (1990): 1679-80; Lawrence Altman, “Study Backs Safety of Whooping Cough Vaccine,“ New York Times, 11 January