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When a man named Thomas Hamilton gunned down sixteen elementary school children, their teacher, and himself in tiny Dunblane, Scotland, in March 1996, the event took center stage in the American news media, much of which portrayed Hamilton as one in a large but nearly invisible breed of child predators, any of whom might, without warning, go out and massacre children. “The villain, all too predictably, was an embittered loner and suspected pedophile,” wrote Newsweek. “He was,” a columnist for the magazine said in an accompanying piece, “a slightly elderly, crazed version of the social category that now menaces our societies more than any other: the single male who has no hope.”40

The columnist offered up no evidence in support of this slur against solitary bachelors. He would be hard pressed to do so, in particular with regard to the danger they pose to women and children. Married men, having greater access to these groups, commit the lion’s share of violence against them. The pedophile connection is also tenuous. Child murderers may be suspected pedophiles, but only a small number are confirmed or confessed pedophiles. In the case of Thomas Hamilton, most major news outlets hinted at his pedophilia or quoted townspeople who asserted it outright, but on the basis of blatantly weak evidence. As a Reuters news agency story noted, “What really bothered people were the pictures, often showing boys stripped to the waist for physical activity—nothing sinister in that, but unsettling, neighbors and acquaintances said.”41

Reuters’s story on Hamilton was more balanced than many. Other print and broadcast journalists let audiences make what they would of the fact that Hamilton had been kicked out of his post as a scout leader for “inappropriate behavior.” Reuters disclosed that, according to the scouting association itself, he had been sacked not for child molesting but for incompetence.42

Another interesting fact came out in People magazine. Although People’s reporters made much of Hamilton’s “penchant for photographing boys bare-chested,” they let it be known that when town officials shut down a boys’ club Hamilton had started, seventy parents and forty-five boys signed a petition saying he had great talent and integrity. “We are all proud to have Mr. Hamilton in charge of our boys,” the petition declared. Hamilton himself, in a letter he sent to the news media just before his killing spree, professed he was “not a pervert” and insinuated that it was whispers to the contrary around Dunblane that had driven him to his heinous act.43

Still, in their stories about him some journalists were no better than the small-town gossips. They rekindled age-old prejudices linking homosexuality and pedophilia. Newsweek ran a sidebar titled “Strange and Sinister,” which consisted of a photograph of Hamilton standing beside a boy (fully clothed) and allegations that he was a pedophile who had been caught by police “in a gay red-light district” in Edinburgh “in a compromising position.”44

Homophobia is a recurring element in journalists’ coverage of mass murderers. Research by Philip Jenkins, a professor of history and religious studies at Penn State University, shows that the media routinely emphasize the supposed homosexuality and pedophilia of men who commit multiple murders. News stories over the past quarter century about Randy Kraft, Westley Alan Dodd, John Wayne Gacy, Jeffrey Dahmer, and assorted other killers included phrases like “homosexual homicide horror” and “homosexual sadist.” As Jenkins notes, “Emphasizing that such individuals were gay serial killers tended to confound homosexuals with pedophiles and to support contemporary claims that homosexuality represented a physical and moral threat to children.”45

Studies of pedophiles solidly refute such claims, of course. One recent study published in the medical journal Pediatrics indicates that a child is about a hundred times more likely to be molested by the heterosexual partner of a close relative than