The Day We Found the Universe - Marcia Bartusiak [162]
188 “I have just gone into the lecture room, pressed a button, and heard records”: LOA, Curtis Papers, Curtis to Campbell, January 26, 1922.
189 Hubble cultivated an air of sophistication and restraint: AIP, interview with Nicholas U. Mayall, June 3, 1976.
189 occasionally blow smoke rings out into the room: HUB, Box 7, Grace's memoir.
189 “stuffed shirt”: CA, interview with Jesse L. Greenstein by Rachel Prud'homme, February 25, March 16, and March 23, 1982.
189 “write an inter-office memo”: AIP, interview of Halton Arp by Paul Wright, July 29, 1975.
189 wearing jodhpurs, leather puttees, and a beret while observing: AIP, interview of Horace Babcock by Spencer Weart on July 25, 1977.
189 “Bah Jove” … “Missourian tongue” … “Hubble disliked van Maanen from the time he himself arrived on Mount Wilson” … “Hubble just didn't like people”: Shapley (1969), p. 57.
190 “conscientious slacker”: AIP, interview of Dorritt Hoffleit by David DeVorkin on August 4, 1979.
191 “lend some color to the hypothesis that the spirals are stellar systems”: Hubble (1920), p. 77.
191 the term non-galactic didn't mean the spirals were necessarily “outside our galaxy”: Hubble (1922), p. 166.
191 “half a dozen of the largest spirals in addition to Andromeda should be followed carefully for novae”: LWA, Hubble to Slipher, February 23, 1922.
192 “I must confess that I am rather dazed by [Hubble's] letter”: LWA, Wright to Slipher, March 7, 1922.
192 particularly fired up about a nebula classification scheme: LWA, Hubble to Slipher, February 23, 1922.
192 “pathologically shy around colleagues with whom he had little … contact”: Sandage (2004), p. 525.
193 “What a powerful instrument the 100-inch is in bringing out those desperately faint nebulae”: HUA, Shapley to Hubble, August 3, 1923.
194 “It appears to be a great star cloud that is at least three or four times as far away as the most distant of known globular clusters”: Shapley (1923b), p. 2.
194 “the most distant object seen by man, another universe of stars”: “A Distant Universe of Stars” (1924), p. x.
194 “neither galactic in size nor stellar in composition”: Shapley (1923a), p. 326.
194 “Eleven … are clearly Cepheids”: Hubble (1925b), p. 412.
194 “N.G.C. 6822 lies far outside the limits of the galactic system”: Ibid., p. 410.
194 “This was the astronomical observing experience at its best”: Sandage (2004), p. 178.
195 “You begin with deskwork”: Mayall (1954), p. 80.
195 Hale considered coffee “unwholesome”: HUB, Box 7, “Hubble: A Biographical Memoir.”
195 were offered two pieces of bread, two eggs, butter and jam: This regimen continued until 1955. Sandage described it as their “starvation rations.” Sandage (2004), pp. 191–92.
195 he washed his own dish afterward: Christianson (1995), p. 123.
196 “You knew where you stood with him”: HUB, Box 7, Grace Hubble interview with Humason.
196 Messier objects were as familiar to him as the alphabet: Mayall (1954), p. 80.
196 wispy nebula that Shapley had reported seeing on two occasions: HL, Adams Papers, Shapley to Adams, July 12, 1923.
196 “Shapley object is probably an accident”: HUB, 100-inch Logbook.
13. Countless Whole Worlds … Strewn All Over the Sky
199 a whine, a series of loud clicks, and then a final clang as the instrument was secured into place: HUB, Box 7, “Hubble: A Biographical Memoir.”
199 The famous Andromeda nebula, the target of choice: All details of Hubble's observations of Andromeda are taken from HUB, 100-inch Logbook.
200 numbering each nova and variable: HUB, Box 1, Hubble Addenda.
202 “Dear Shapley:—You will be interested to hear that I have found a Cepheid variable in the Andromeda Nebula”: HUA, Hubble to Shapley, February 19, 1924.
203 figuring out early on, soon after he arrived at Mount Wilson, that they were pulsating stars: Shapley (1914).
204 “Here is the letter that has destroyed my universe”: Payne-Gaposchkin (1984), p. 209.
204 “the crop of novae and of the two variable stars in the direction of the Andromeda nebula”: HUA, Shapley