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Edinburgh University, 221

efficiency, 2, 7; evidence–based policy and, 233–34; fairness and, 126; Fama hypothesis and, 221–22; happiness and, 9, 29–30, 61; institutions and, 245–46, 254–55, 261; limits to, 13; nature and, 61–62, 69, 82; network effects and, 253, 258; productivity and, 13 (see also productivity); trilemma of, 13–14, 230–36, 275; trust and, 158–59; values and, 210, 215–16, 221–35

Ehrlich, Paul, 70

e-mail, 252, 291

“End of History, The” (Fukuyama), 239

Engels, Friedrich, 14

Enlightenment, 7

Enron, 145

environmentalists. See nature

European Union, 42, 59, 62, 162–63, 177, 219

Evolution of Cooperation, The (Axelrod), 118–19

“Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism, The” (Trivers), 118

externalities, 15, 70, 80, 211, 228–29, 249, 254

Facebook, 289

face-to-face contact, 7, 147, 165–68

fairness: altruism and, 118–22; antiglobalization and, 115; bankers and, 115, 133, 139, 143–44; behavioral econoics and, 116–17, 121; bonuses and, 87–88, 115, 139, 143–44, 193, 221, 223, 277–78, 295; capitalism and, 134, 137, 149; consequences for growth, 135–36; criticism of poor and, 142; democracy and, 141; emotion and, 118–19, 137; game theory and, 116–18, 121–22; government and, 121, 123, 131, 136; gratitude and, 118; growth and, 114–16, 121, 125, 127, 133–37; happiness and, 53; health issues and, 137–43; high salaries and, 130, 143–44, 193, 223, 277–78, 286, 296; inequality and, 115–16, 122–43; innate sense of, 114–19; innovation and, 121, 134; morals and, 116–20, 127, 131, 142, 144, 221; philosophy and, 114–15, 123; politics and, 114–16, 125–31, 135–36, 140–44; productivity and, 131, 135; Putnam on, 140–41; self-interest and, 114–22; social corrosiveness of, 139–44; social justice and, 31, 43, 53, 65, 123, 164, 224, 237, 286; statistics and, 115, 138; superstar effect and, 134; sustainability and, 115; technology and, 116, 131–34, 137; tit-for-tat response and, 118–19; trilemma of, 13–14, 230–36, 275; trust and, 139–44, 150, 157, 162, 172, 175–76; ultimatum game and, 116–17; unequal countries and, 124–30; wage penalties and, 133; well-being and, 137–43; World Values Survey and, 139

Fama, Eugene, 221–22

faxes, 252

Federal Reserve, 145

Ferguson, Niall, 100–101

financial crises: actions by governments and, 104–12; bubbles and, 3 (see also bubbles); capitalism and, 6–9 (see also capitalism); contracts and, 149–50; crashes and, 3, 28, 161, 244, 283; current, 54, 85, 90–91, 145; debt legacy of, 90–92; demographic implosion and, 95–100; goodwill and, 150; government debt and, 100–104; Great Depression and, 3, 28, 35, 61, 82, 150, 208, 281; growth debt and, 85–86; historical perspective on, 3–4; institutional blindness to, 87–88; intangible assets and, 149–50; intrusive regulatory practices and, 244; pension burden of, 92–95; as political crisis, 8–9; statistics of, 145; stimulus packages and, 91, 100–103, 111; structural change and, 25; total cost of current, 90–91; trust and, 88–89 (see also trust); weightless activities and, 150; welfare burden of, 92–95

Financial Times, 257

Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 33, 127

food shortages, 111

Forbes Rich List, 123

“For Richer,” (Krugman), 232

France, 27, 37, 123, 125, 202, 226, 274

Frank, Robert, 43

fraud, 146–47, 150, 248

freedom: of choice, 11; happiness and, 10, 13, 26, 42–44, 50–53; institutions and, 244, 262; of investors, 108; nature and, 79; philosophies of, 237; trilemma of, 13–14, 230–36, 275; values and, 237–38

free market, 14; fairness and, 121, 129; institutions and, 240, 243, 251; measurement and, 182–83; values and, 210–11, 218–24, 232

Fuggers, 147

Fukuyama, Francis, 239

Galbraith, John Kenneth, 190, 193, 230–31, 243

Gallup Poll, 66

game theory, 116–18, 121–22

Gardner, Howard, 48

Gaskell, Mrs., 131

Gates, Bill, 33

“G” countries, 162–65, 177

Gdansk, 239

General Social Survey, 140

Germany, 87, 89, 95, 97–98, 99, 112, 125, 280

gift economy, 205–7

Gini coefficient, 126

Glaeser, Edward, 128, 171

Glastonbury Festival, 197

globalization: call centers and, 131, 133, 161; cities and, 165–70; face-to-face